The status of women and men in the marriage by John Chrysostom (c. 349-407)
Eirini ARTEMI
Published in Medieval and Early Modern Iberian Peninsula Cultural History
Keywords: Family, Love, Marriage, Mutual respect, Spouses.
Saint John Chrysostom refers to the obligations of spouses in a marriage. He addresses mainly his advice in men, because the male selfishness hardly is tamed and he sometimes behaves with cruelty. Chrysostom condemns the practice of physical violence and abuse of women by men. On the contrary he requires the sacrificial spirit from man, great forgiveness and not threats and intimidation. With grace and meekness, the deep peace of the family will be ensured and the discontent will be removed and also the devotion of one spouse to the other will increase. Chrysostom says: “There is nothing, nothing more precious than to anyone be loved so much from his wife or from her husband”. St. John Chrysostom refers to a cohesive element, the foundation of conjugation, communication between spouses. It is the daily interaction of both spouses. The most important element of communication is discussion. The debate should be about intimacy, mutual respect in an atmosphere of freedom, equality and love. Then you may find the solution in case of disagreement or conflict. St. John Chrysostom thinks that the husband and the wife must try together to have a happy marriage.
The step from Philosophy to Ethics: Ramón Llull and Bernat Metge
Julia BUTIÑÁ JIMÉNEZ
Original title: El paso de la Filosofía a la Ética: Ramón Llull y Bernat Metge
Published in
Keywords: Bernat Metge, Catalan Literature, Humanisme of the Crown of Aragon, Middle Ages, Ramon Llull.
At the beginning of the secular philosophy, there is the transition from Philosophy to Ethics, which inaugurated in the thirteenth century Ramon Llull, who assimilates Bernat Metge in his humanistic dialogue Lo somni in the next century. It will involve the transition from the Middle Ages to the Modern, passing from Humanism to the Renaissance.
The stone vault and the ivy leaves: the Cantiga 65 of the Cantigas de Santa Maria by King Afonso X (13th century)
Bárbara DANTAS
Original title: A abóbada de pedra e as folhas de hera: a Cantiga 65 das Cantigas de Santa Maria do rei Afonso X (século XIII)
Published in Returning to Eden
Keywords: Afonso X, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Medieval Art., Vault.
This work analyses the text and images of the Cantiga 65 of the Cantigas de Santa Maria by the Castilian king Afonso X with the aim of demonstrating how the vaults of medieval sanctuaries relate to the ivy leaves and the main character of this Cantiga, an excommunicated man who wandered across half the world to receive from the Virgin herself the grace of redemption, in addition to glimpsing the immortality of faith and friendship in an abandoned church, already covered by vast foliage.
The sublime: from word to silence
Waldir BARRETO
Original title: Lo sublime, de la palabra al silencio
Published in Pleasure in the Middle Ages
Keywords: Beautiful, Imagination, Reason, Sublime, Understanding, Unrepresentable.
This essay presents a didactic and expositive approach the historical-philosophical deployment of the sublime’s concept since the retrieval of the term, according to its translation of the Greek into French, until the reinstatement of meaning, according to its shift from rhetoric to philosophy, through Anglo-Saxon valuation of the imagination, the birth of Aesthetics, philosophical premise, Burke’s key of terror and his distinction between pleasure and delight, the game of faculties in Kant, and the characterization of the radical informality of the sublime.
The thought of Thomas Aquinas about military life, just war and military orders of chivalry
Ricardo da COSTA and Armando Alexandre dos SANTOS
Original title: O pensamento de Santo Tomás de Aquino (1225-1274) sobre a vida militar, a guerra justa e as ordens militares de cavalaria
Published in The Middle Ages and the Crusades
Keywords: Crusades, Military life, Religious life, chivalry.
The article briefly presents the thought of Thomas Aquinas about the legitimacy of military life and the concept of just war, and its theological justification in the context of the Crusades, to the military orders. For that, initially uses the Biblical foundation. The following briefly lists some of the saints of the Church, to discuss the thought of Aquinas about the subject.
The traces of Blessed Ramon Llull in Sermo IV and Sermo CXCIII of Cardinal Nicholas of Cusa
Manuel ORTUÑO ARREGUI
Original title: Las huellas del beato Ramon Llull en el Sermo IV y Sermo CXCIII del cardenal Nicolás de Cusa
Published in Games from Antiquity to Baroque
Keywords: Faith and Reason, Nicholas of Cusa, Ramon Llull, Sermons.
The aim of this paper has been to present some features of the relationship between Faith and Reason based on the interest of Nicholas of Cusa (1401-1464) in the work of Ramon Llull (1232-1316). Specifically, we have focused on two of his sermons: Sermo IV: “Fides autem catholica”, and Sermo X: “Beati mundo corde”, which represent an indisputable example of the lulian traces in the conception of the relationship between Faith and Reason in the work of the Cusan. In his analysis we discover the use of two foundations: on the one hand, the quotation of Isaiah 7, 9 to reaffirm the idea that faith is the beginning of science; and on the other hand, the use of the analogy of water and oil, which was already recognized in patristic authors, and which was generalized by St. Augustine. Augustine. In short, we can see an evolution of his thought from his youth (Sermo IV) to his maturity (Sermo X), which undoubtedly leads to the confirmation of Nicholas of Cusa's adherence to the model of lulian thought in the dialogue Faith and Reason.
The tree and the light. Signs and significances in the Llibre d’amic e amat by Ramon Llull
Maria SAIZ RAIMUNDO
Original title: L’arbre i la llum. Signes i significacions al Llibre d’amic e amat de Ramon Llull
Published in
Keywords: Llibre d’amic e amat, Mysticism, Ramon Llull, Sign, Significance.
All the creatures are divided into signs and significates: all signs are things, and, in addition, there are significant. In the Middle Ages, the world is a place of theophanys and, therefore, all creatures and all creation are sign of God. Thus, the signs become a fundamental element of a medieval culture and, obviously, they also play an important role in the literature of the time. In this work, we suggest proposing identifying and analyzing two of the elements that have an important significance in the Llibre d'amic i amat by Ramon Llull: the tree and the light. This element serves the hermit (l’amic) in the cam to the search of God (l’amat), since they are at the service of the first Llull intention: to love, to understand and to serve God.
The two bodies of the king in Anglo-Saxon England
Nachman FALBEL and Elton O. S. MEDEIROS
Original title: Os dois corpos do rei na Inglaterra Anglo-Saxônica
Published in Aristocracy and nobility in the Ancient and Medieval World
Keywords: Anglo-Saxon England, Beowulf, Royalty, Society.
Since the beginnings of the medieval period, one of the most prominent characters in this kind of society is the king. His presence is extremely important to the social harmony, hence the king is not only the ruler of the people, but also represents the godly powers that manifest through him. So, we will show how this king dual-figure is represented in Anglo-Saxon literature, not as just a heroic symbol of war, but as the guardian of his folk e keeper of peace.
The uniqueness of Manueline bi faceted crucifixes between phantasmatic displacements in artistic contemporaneity
Alexandre Emerick NEVES
Original title: A singularidade dos cruzeiros bifacetados manuelinos entre deslocamentos fantasmais na contemporaneidade artística
Published in
Keywords: Anachronism, Fragmented body, Pietà, Portuguese-Brazilian culture, Warburguian phantasmal model.
To promote a historical-cultural crossing, I highlight the use of a figural fragment and its correspondences in historical aesthetic models: the pendant arm. From these relationships, a genealogy of the figuration of the body is consolidated, especially from the studies of Georges Didi-Huberman on the survival of the images, notably according to the ghostly model of Aby Warburg. In admitting the figure of the heroic body as a derivation of the figure of the holy body in previous work, I now propose an anachronistic and remissive path, starting with a short contemporary cinematographic scene, in About Schmidt (2002), to arrive at the medieval Portuguese Pietàs in the singular typology of Manueline bifaceted crucifix. My attention, therefore, falls on a significant deviation in relation to the axial paths of Art History, in order to regain a contact between Brazilian art and Portuguese culture, whose connections I suppose are considerably attenuated.
The victorious life and the disenchanted end of the great Macedonian conqueror Alexander the Great and the novelesque knight Tirant lo Blanc
Anastasia TERZOPOULOU
Original title: La vida victoriosa y el final desencantado del gran conquistador macedonio Alejandro Magno y del caballero novelesco Tirant lo Blanc
Published in Mirabilia Journal
Keywords: Ambition, Conquests, Death, Feats, Fortune, Testament.
The aim of this article is not to analyze the details of the life of Tirant lo Blanc, a literary figure from the Valencian Golden Age, and Alexander the Great, King of Macedonia, a real historical person of Ancient Greece; but to expose the common features that life presents and, above all, the early, bitter and unexpected end of two great warriors and military strategists.
