Enyego d’Àvalos (c. 1414-1484), the Prince of Viana and the new translatio of Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics
Salvador CUENCA ALMENAR
Original title: Enyego d’Àvalos (c. 1414-1484), el príncep de Viana i la nova translatio de l’Ètica nicomaquea d’Aristòtil
Published in Rhythms, expressions and representations of the body
Keywords: Aristotle, Charles of Aragon, Enyego D’Àvalos, Leonardo Bruni, Nicomachean Ethics.
We will present the relationship between the manuscript British Library, Harley 3305, owned by Enyego D’Àvalos, and the Spanish translation of Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics by Charles from Aragon, Prince of Viana, during his stay at the Neapolitan court of Alfons el Magnànim between 1457 and 1458. The study of the critical loci of Bruni’s nova translatio copied in the Harley manuscript 3305 will lead us to rule out the possibility that it is the Latin model of the version written by the Prince of Viana.
Erotics and Kwowledge related to a short-story in The Thousand and One Nights
Rafael Ramón Guerrero
Original title: Erótica y Saber a propósito de un cuento de Las Mil y Una Noches
Published in Mirabilia 1
Keywords: Arabic Philosophy., Erotic, Greek Philosophy, wisdom.
The Thousand and One Nights is a collection of tales; many of which exposed a wisdom elaborated along the history by various peoples. A tale collects the conception that Greek philosophy, since Plato, set up and developed about love as a trend toward wisdom. In this article, I recall shortly this process through Greek philosophy, Christian world and medieval Islam, and I finally sketch the tale of the Thousand and One Nights.
Erudition and Charm Poetry in Anglo-Saxon England: Solomon & Saturn I and the Nine Herbs Charm
Elton O. S. MEDEIROS
Original title: Erudição e Poesia Encantatória na Inglaterra anglo-saxônica: Salomão & Saturno I e o Encantamento das Nove Ervas
Published in Art, Criticism and Mysticism
Keywords: Charms, Christianity, Old English, Solomon & Saturn.
Here can be found the first unabridged translation to Portuguese of one of the texts that is part of the group of sources known as The Dialogues of Solomon and Saturn, followed also by the first translation of the Nine Herbs Charm from the Lacnunga manuscript, both from the period of Anglo-Saxon England (5th - 1th centuries). In a parallel analysis, these texts might be considered one of the most enigmatic and – concerning the first one – the less studied by the tradition of Anglo-Saxon and Medieval literary studies. With a content that share elements from the Germanic past, Anglo-Saxon popular magical practices, elements from Greco-Roman culture and Judeo-Christian apocryphal literature.
Fear and Ecstatic Reaction to the Miracle Stories in the Synoptic Gospels
Paulo Augusto de Souza Nogueira
Original title: Maravilhamento e êxtase religioso como reação aos milagres nos Evangelhos Sinóticos
Published in Expressing the Divine: Language, Art and Mysticism
Keywords: Ecstatic, Jesus, Miracles, Synoptic Gospels..
The Synoptic Miracle Stories have been interpreted with suspicion by modern exegetes. If compared to Jesus’ preaching and to the death and resurrection account they never received a true religious appreciation. In fact, the insertion of the Miracle Stories in the Synoptic Gospels has been considered as a kind of concession by the evangelists: they narrate them, but they show also that the popular reaction to the miracles, even if positive, is dominated by misunderstanding.
Figure des Brifilians: allegory and utopia
Luiz Cláudio Moisés RIBEIRO; Bárbara DANTAS
Original title: Figure des Brifilians: alegoria e utopia
Published in Rhythms, expressions and representations of the body
Keywords: Allegory, Amerindian, Denis Diderot, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, John Locke, Michel de Montaigne.
The Americas were proof of a new way of life, that of the Amerindians. Since the 16th century, the French already knew Portuguese America and called its native inhabitants brifilians, that is, Brazilians. These Indians aroused curiosity, they were living proof of the beings that inhabited exotic and rich lands, places that, for Europeans, were ready to be conquered and explored. According to the function of entertaining and instructing linked to artists as political philosophers, this article presents the relationship between image and text through the vision of four European philosophers − John Locke, Michel de Montaigne, Denis Diderot, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau − about America and its inhabitants, eyes covered by their own conceptions and prejudices, but willing to understand the New World. Whether in philosophy or visual art, the medium used to represent this exotic place − therefore strange − was the allegory.
Figures of Speech in Garcia de Resende’s (1470-1536) Cancioneiro Geral
Geraldo Augusto FERNANDES
Original title: As figuras de linguagem no Cancioneiro Geral de Garcia de Resende (1470-1536)
Published in Returning to Eden
Keywords: Figurae, Garcia de Resende’s Cancioneiro Geral, Humanism, Poems of mixed forms, Rhetoric.
The studies of Rhetoric and the use of its resources began to emerge during Humanism in Portugal. These were made or found in the libraries of monarchs and princes, as well as in monasteries. But Rhetoric also becomes a discipline that will be key for the nation to commune with humanistic precepts which is spreading throughout Europe with the aim of forming the human person, physically, intellectually, and morally. This advent, which took place from the fifteenth century onwards, also focuses on the literature developed in the palace evenings. In this study, the use of rhetorical devices shows how it interferes in poetics, especially the one developed in Garcia de Resende’s Cancioneiro Geral, from which I extracted the many examples of these embellishing means (of oratory and poetics, as Quintiliano says), all of which are apparent in the poems of mixed forms. What I propose is to present the examples taken from the Resende’s songbook, listing the resources, and showing them in the poems of the compilation. Quintilian and the anonymous of the Rhetorica ad Herennium will be collated with the studies of Juan Casas Rigall, Heinrich Lausberg, Baltasar Gracián, Nair Nazaré Castro Soares, Maria Isabel Moran Cabanas, Antonio de Nebrija, among others.
Fin’amor in Ausiàs March and Joan Roís de Corella
Aniello FRATTA
Original title: La bon’amor in Ausiàs March e Joan Roís de Corella
Published in
Keywords: Ausiàs March, Catalan poetry of XV century, Conception of love, Joan Roís de Corella.
Through the analysis of Cant LXXI (Què m’ha calgut contemplar en amor) by Ausiàs March and Los qui amau, preneu aquesta cendra by Roís de Corella, the relationship between Ausiàsmarchian bon'amor and true Corellan love is investigated.
Fleeing from the profane society: on the obstacles for the construction of authority, rule and the support of the church in the Passio sancti Venceslavi martyris
Andrea Vanina NEYRA
Original title: Huir de la sociedad profana: sobre los obstáculos en la construcción de la autoridad, el gobierno y el fomento de la Iglesia en la Passio sancti Venceslavi martyris
Published in Idea and image of royal power of the monarchies in Ancient and Medieval World
Keywords: Authority, Church, Obstacles, Wenceslas.
Bishop Gumpold of Mantua’s Passio sancti Venceslavi martyris, commissioned by King Otto II, depicts Wenceslas as a Christian ruler who brought together Christian virtues, ascetic practices along with active political power. This paper outlines the manifest opposition between those features and the characteristics attributed to the people subject to the přemyslid duke’s authority. The population was described as a society of savage people, tied to pagan error and heresy, who imposed significant barriers to the expansion of Christ’s faith in the region of Bohemia. Their incivility, lack of culture and infidelitas are all apparent through the use of certain attributes used to describe the population, its customs and beliefs: impious, delusional, profane, arrogant, inhuman. Thereby, the specificities defining the Bohemian society at the end of the 10th century coincide with Wenceslas’ most important opponent, his brother and fratricide Boleslav. The depiction of the savage, profane and illicit environment is a prefiguration of the final episode of the hagiographical text: the scandalous martyrdom of the future Bohemian patron saint. Similarly, the predestined Christian future of the Kingdom is prefigured in the hero’s early life –a Christian among an erring surrounding– as well as in his miracles.
Formation, obedience and humanism: considerations about the Middle Ages child education in the Monodies of abbot Guibert of Nogent (XII century)
Carlile Lanzieri Júnior
Original title: Formação, obediência e humanismo: considerações sobre a educação infantil medieval nas Monodies do abade Guiberto de Nogent (séc. XII)
Published in The educacion and secular culture in the Middle Ages
Keywords: Guibert of Nogent, medieval education, monasticism.
In 1115, the benedictine abbot Guibert of Nogent (1055-1125) concluded his book of personal memories, usually called De vita sua by modern authors. Shared in three parts, this book calls attention because the absolutely personal aspect of its first part. In it, Guibert wrote very much about the several events that happened in his infancy and part of his adulthood. Among some of then, we will analyze in this article those in which the abbot remembered the details about the education that he received when he was a boy and in the early years in which he lived in a monastery. An education signed by the hardness, but also the worring with the moral and academic formation of the individual too, important marks of the medieval benedictine pedagogy monastic.
Forms of defence of the social body before criminal agency, in 16th-century imagery creations
Maria Leonor García da CRUZ
Original title: Formas de defesa do corpo social perante arbítrios criminosos em criações imagéticas quinhentistas
Published in Music in Antiquity, Middle Ages & Renaissance
Keywords: Andrea Alciato, Crime, Emblem, Music, Social order.
A very fashionable creation in modern Europe since the first edition of Andrea Alciato, the book of emblems, has been chosen as a historical source. The selection of the socio-political message and socio-economic discourse was made in emblems of different editions and spatial and time contexts that bring together inscriptio, pictura and subscriptio. It is valued a deepening of the explicit meanings in the motto and in the picture, when they exist, and we seek to unravel the hidden, not always completely decoded in the comments of the different editions. Hence, we choose to compare several versions of the same emblem, built in different contexts. Alciato’s political discourse necessarily reveals on many occasions social concerns, and they are the ones that lead us to clues about a discourse after all interdisciplinary, leading us to considerations sometimes of artistic nature or economic and financial management. Music and musical instruments become vehicles of concord and social concert, solidarity, resistance to crime and dissent that call into question social peace. The action of the prince or ruler, on the other hand, is considered in several perspectives: from a firm-hand ruler in defence of the common good to a tyrant, and to a defender of the good of the State not benefiting the victims of tax crimes. Alciato thus reveals strong controversies in the Renaissance.
