The musician and humanist Damião de Góis (1502-1574)
Márcio Paes SELLES
Original title: O músico e humanista Damião de Góis (1502-1574)
Published in Music in Middle Ages and Early Modernity
Keywords: Court, Humanist, Music.
Damião de Góis, was born in Alenquer in a family of the Portuguese nobility, grew up in the court of D. Manuel I where he had access to musical learning. Later, a diplomat under King John III had contact with Franco-Flemish music, developed in the chapels of the court of Burgundy and lived with important humanists of his time as Erasmus and Bembo. His compositions as well as his musical taste in the French-Flemish style served as an argument in a complaint in the Holy Office that ended up leading to his death in 1574.
The paradoxical reality of the feminine holiness in the Castilian Middle Ages: the miracle like textual shape of the Vida de Santa María Egipciaca
Carina ZUBILLAGA
Original title: La paradójica realidad de la santidad femenina en la Edad Media castellana: el milagro como configurador textual de la Vida de Santa María Egipciaca
Published in Mulier aut Femina. Idealism or reality of women in the Middle Ages
Keywords: Biographical frame, Castilian translation, Feminine holiness, Medieval Hagiography, Miracle.
The medieval hagiographical paradigm of the holy prostitute, analyzed in this article in the Castilian 13th century Vida de Santa María Egipciaca, reveals the paradoxical reality of the feminine holiness of the period; a reality based on the inclusive concept of the supernatural thing as possible daily experience, but that at the same time supposes the loss of any feminine attribute and the obligatory identification with Christ for the comprehension of the spiritual advance of the woman.
The parody of the trip to the underworld in Novella di Ferondo (ottava della terza giornata), in Giovanni Boccaccio’s (1313-1375) Decameron
Liliana NOEMÍ SWIDERSKI
Original title: La parodia del viaje al inframundo en la Novella di Ferondo (ottava della terza giornata), del Decameron, de Giovanni Boccaccio (1313-1375)
Published in The Medieval Aesthetics
Keywords: Boccaccio, Carnivalization, Ferondo, Parody, Trip to the underworld.
The Novella di Ferondo develops two plot-lines typical of the medieval tradition, but whose joint approach shows the passage to the Renaissance worldview. On the one hand, the topic of adultery characteristic of the fabliaux, with their main characters: the stupid and vigilant husband, the seductive and submissive wife, the astute and lustful lover. On the other hand, the trip to the underworld to be purified by corporal punishment, which is related to the serious and moralizing line of the exempla and the Divina Commedia. However, the parody of the sacred discourses, the irony and the rupture of the stylistic isotopy constitute a burlesque eschatology. The humorous references to death, purgatory, the resurrection of the flesh and even the Annunciation show, in Bakhtin's terms, how laughter relaxes the fears imposed by official culture. The corrective violence that Ferondo suffers, as well as the exaltation of free erotic enjoyment and the identity mutations caused by disguise, reveals the resistance against disciplinary mechanisms. The ending of the story, a utopia of freedom conquered by deception to power, represents a victory of Renaissance hedonism over medieval asceticism.
The psychology of the envious: an episode of Curial and Guelfa
Armando Alexandre dos SANTOS
Original title: A psicologia dos invejosos: um episódio de Curial e Guelfa
Published in
Keywords: Catalan Literature, Curial and Guelfa, Envy, Psychology envious.
Analysis of an episode of the novel Curial and Guelfa, in which the psychology and the way of acting of the envious are especially focused.
The rendering of Christ in the Temple icon of the Theotokos: a gaze from the fourth century. Part two
Elena ENE D-VASILESCU
Original title: The rendering of Christ in the Temple icon of the Theotokos: a gaze from the fourth century. Part two
Published in
Keywords: Christ, Egypt, Fourth century AD, Icon, Mary, Theotokos.
The representation of Eroticism in Art and Literature
Almerinda da Silva LOPES, Lívia Santolin BORGES
Original title: A representação do Erotismo na Arte e na Literatura
Published in Art, Criticism and Mysticism
Keywords: Art, Eroticism, Literature, Sade.
The present work is focused representation of eroticism as a literary and artistic genre. For the development of this proposal, it was necessary to define the term eroticism, but also explain how to use this theme in art and literature. To that end, we need to address, commenting since the period of cave painting, through classical Greek art, Roman and Oriental art, until you get to modernism; as well as review the literature in Portugal in the twelfth century, the literature in the Renaissance and the French Revolution and the works of Marquis de Sade.
The right of life and death in war in De iure belli libri tres (1598) by Alberico Gentili (1552-1608)
Giuliano MARCHETTO
Original title: Il diritto di vita e di morte in guerra nel De iure belli libri tres (1598) di Alberico Gentili (1552-1608)
Published in The World of Tradition
Keywords: Death, Law, Life, Power, War.
In war, there are situations in which one side is given the power of life or death over the other. The medieval legal tradition tries to bring this power back into law and to limit it. The Italian jurist Alberico Gentili in his work De jure belli libri tres (1598) represents, in the modern age, the attempt to offer an interpretation of war as an instrument of justice and therefore regulated in every aspect by the law. Gentili’s theory is the opposite of a different tradition, ancient but always resurfacing in history, which instead sees war as a place from which law is absent, is silent and only violence, which includes an unlimited vitae necisque potestas, thus becomes the origin of law and of every new power and order.
The right of resistance of the subjugated people. An example of case: the late medieval Galicia
Cecilia DEVIA
Original title: El derecho a la resistencia de los dominados. Un ejemplo de caso: la Galicia bajomedieval
Published in Manifestations of the Ancient and Medieval World
Keywords: Galicia, Late Middle Ages, Orders, Right of resistance, Violence.
The purpose of this article is to show some of the results of an investigation in progress that pretends to examine the right of resistance exercised by the subjugated people, through a theoretical-documentary approach that uses as example of case the late medieval Galicia. It will be approached within a wide range that extends from the daily practices taken to preserve their own interests, to the study of open and declared revolts, such as the Irmandiño Revolt in 1467-1469. The theory of the three orders, considered as the prevailing worldview at the time, will be briefly discussed. Subsequently this problems will be studied through the analysis and interpretation of various sources.
The role of incarnation in the Republic: between political seduction and theophanic vision
Nicolas HUMPHRIS
Original title: La fonction d’incarnation dans la République : entre séduction politique et vision théophanique
Published in
Keywords: De Gaulle, Imitation of Christ, Incarnation of power, Judge of children, Membership and civility, Middle Ages, Political charisma, Sacred royalty.
There is, in the state power of the contemporary French Republic, an archaic institution which continues incognito, the “function of incarnation”. This charismatic function is an institutional device developed at the dawn of our civilization (4th-10th centuries) to arouse, as part of an enterprise of seduction, the free adherence of subjects to public authority by borrowing the model of Christ mediator whose human presence and the flesh irresistibly and subliminally attract men to the invisible God. Today, those who exercise the function of incarnation in the Republic also secretly arouse the adhesion of men to the invisible and transcendent entity that is the State, in the manner of the “seducer” Christ. Whether we are believers or atheists, we all depend, for our attachment to the Republic, on this Christ-like power of seduction of the leader, and therefore, indirectly, of a certain Christ, mysteriously present in his earthly imitator. Are we the prisoners of the subliminal grip of this hidden God? To prevent the said political seduction from being a place of non-freedom, it is necessary to become aware of it, and, even more, to disocccult this Christ who appears here against all expectations, while he is both ignored by the State. and by the Church. It is important to rediscover the capacity for theophanic perception which was from the outset intimately associated with the function of incarnation, to lift the gaze in order to come to perceive the God hidden in the secularized nation state.
The role of the Philosophy and Jesuit imagery in the Portuguese missions (1500-1597)
Humberto Schubert COELHO
Original title: O papel da Filosofia e do imaginário jesuítico nas missões portuguesas (1500-1597)
Published in The World of Tradition
Keywords: Cultural Imagery, Jesuit Education, Jesuit Mission, Philosophy, Portuguese Thought, Transcendence.
As the importance of the Society of Jesus in the Portuguese colonizing process is indisputable, the specificities of Jesuit cultural imagery were equally decisive to define several elements in the cultural formation of the colonies. Often centred on literature at many points of its historical development, Portuguese thought of the time was heavily determined by philosophy. Particularly in the sixteenth century, the first century of global colonization, the evangelizing impetus of the Society of Jesus acted as a main existential drive in both cultural and political process of sending missionaries abroad. This paper emphasizes the capital relevance of transcendent beliefs and values in the worldview of such missionaries, and how they shaped the missionary ethos in the daily life, the educational initiatives and the first reports of Jesuit authors.
