Article
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Fray Antonio de Guevara (c. 1480-1545) and the maritime voyages in the Mediterranean through his Arte de marear
Jesús Fernando CÁSEDA TERESA
Original title: Fray Antonio de Guevara (c. 1480-1545) y los viajes marítimos en el Mediterráneo a través de su Arte de marear
Published in Intercultural Mediterranean
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Throughout this study, and after situating the text and the reasons for it writing historically, I call it antichronicle, a true contrafactum to the chronicles of the Indies and the diving arts of its time. I link it to the warnings and to the relationships of events and I analyze its rhetorical structure, the influence of the thematic sermon and of the ars praedicandi. I refer to the important relationship with the printer Juan de Villaquirán. And finally, I study two fundamental themes in the work: humour and self-satire on the one hand, and his observational point of view on contemporary uses and customs on the other.
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A Ver Navios: sea, love, solitude, diaspora and nostalgia in Sephardic songbook (15th century)
Antonio Celso RIBEIRO
Original title: A Ver Navios: mar, amor, solidão, diáspora e nostalgia no cancioneiro sefardita (século XV)
Published in Intercultural Mediterranean
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The aim of the present work is to analyse the intertextual relationships present in the Sephardic songbook, based on the symbolism of the sea and its implications in Sephardic culture, focusing on the theme of love, loneliness and nostalgia in the diaspora. To this end, some songs that fit into these sections will be analyzed, discussing how they reflected the Jewish soul and the pain of exile.
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Diseases of the soul in the writings of Gregory of Nyssa: A metaphor or a true analogy?
María Teresa GARGIULO
Original title: Enfermedades del alma en los escritos de Gregorio de Nisa ¿Una metáfora o una verdadera analogía?
Published in Intercultural Mediterranean
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The figure of Christ the doctor runs through the vast majority of apostolic and patristic writings. Christ presents himself as the healer of men's sins. Therefore, it should not surprise us that this medicinal metaphor was extended to a large part of moral and theological writings until the middle of the 13th century. Sin is presented, metaphorically, as a disease of the soul. Now, if we look at certain writings of the Cappadocian fathers, particularly those of Gregory of Nyssa, the medical metaphor in certain cases is replaced by a true analogy. Diseases of the soul are not only metaphorically predicated on moral dispositions and sin, but they are understood in themselves as an authentic participation of the soul in human illness. Galenic medicine seems to have had a direct impact on this new understanding of the illness of the soul.
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The portal and the rose window in the Praise 1 of the Cantigas de Santa Maria by Alfonso X (13th century)
Bárbara DANTAS
Original title: O portal e a rosácea no Louvor 1 das Cantigas de Santa Maria de Afonso X (século XIII)
Published in Intercultural Mediterranean
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The Cantigas de Santa Maria, in addition to their most obvious characteristic, that of King Alfonso X's homage to the Virgin Mary, through hundreds of praises, accounts of miracles and their corresponding images – in particular, more than four hundred full-page historical illuminations – are for us, art historians, a summary of medieval life, not only in the kingdoms of León and Castile, ruled by the Wise King in the second half of the 13th century, but throughout Europe and its surroundings. An example of this is right at the beginning of the Alfonsine compendium, in the Praise 1, since its 2nd stanza, as well as vignette 2 of the illumination, tell of an important event that took place in Bethlehem: the birth of Jesus. Focusing on this stanza and vignette – but without losing sight of the main theme of the praise of the Virgin, her seven moments of extreme happiness, or “goyos” in Galician language –, this article correlates biblical texts with the themes addressed in the Praise 1 of the Cantigas; it also correlates religion and architecture, goodness and beauty, as well as holiness and perfection of forms. Let us then delve into the religious universe that underpins the creation of the Gothic portal and rose window, according to the vision of Alfonso X and his Cantigas de Santa Maria.
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The War of Granada: Translation from Latin into Spanish and English and Study of Historical Fragments by Elio Antonio de Nebrija (1444-1522)
Enric MALLORQUÍ-RUSCALLEDA
Original title: La Guerra de Granada: traducción del latín al español e inglés y estudio de fragmentos históricos de Elio Antonio de Nebrija (1444-1522)
Published in Intercultural Mediterranean
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This paper presents a series of direct translations of Nebrija’s Latin and the edition and annotation of fragments of the historical work Guerra de Granada (De Bello Granatensi) by Elio Antonio de Nebrija. Based on the outstanding edition of the Latin text by Prof. Dr. María Luisa Arribas Hernáez, the article is addressed to scholars, students of classical philology and history, and anyone interested in the history of the Reconquista and medieval literature. This first instalment of what is expected to be a complete translation of Nebrija’s text in both English and Spanish offers an invaluable tool for researching and studying this text published in 1545. In addition to improving the Spanish translation and creating an English version, cultural notes have been included to enrich the understanding of the text.
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Presentació. La Cultura en les tradicions mèdica, estètica, teològica, filosòfica, jurídica, literària, de gènere i artística, de l’Antiguitat al Barroc
Ricardo da COSTA
Original title: Presentació. La Cultura en les tradicions mèdica, estètica, teològica, filosòfica, jurídica, literària, de gènere i artística, de l’Antiguitat al Barroc
Published in Languages and Cultures in Tradition
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The medical art in “On Sight” (Περὶ ὄψιος) by Hippocrates (c. 460-370 BC): ethics, diagnosis, therapy and prognosis
Hélio ANGOTTI-NETO
Original title: A arte médica em “Sobre a Visão” (Περὶ ὄψιος), de Hipócrates (c. 460-370 a.C.): ética, diagnóstico, terapia e prognóstico
Published in Languages and Cultures in Tradition
The Hippocratic text “On Sight” (Περὶ ὄψιος) is the oldest treatise on ophthalmological conditions in the history of medicine and addresses the medical art in its three basic acts (diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy), guided by the professional calling toward an ethics focused on the patient’s beneficence and non-maleficence, established principles of medical ethics. This work aims to present the original text translated into Portuguese with commentaries based on contemporary technical and scientific knowledge that can support the comprehension of this ancient text.
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The dialectical disputes of the Spartan Helen in the tragedies of “The Trojan Women” by Euripides (c.480-406 BC) and “Troades” by Seneca (4 BC - 65 AD)
Anastasia Nancy TERZOPOULOU
Original title: Las disputas dialécticas de la espartana Helena en las tragedias de “Las Troyanas” de Eurípides (c.480-406 a.C.) y “Troades” de Séneca (4 a.C. - 65 d.C.)
Published in Languages and Cultures in Tradition
The objective of this article is the analysis of the agón between Helen and Hecuba in “The Trojan Women“ (Τρωάδες) by the Athenian playwright Euripides, through which the intertextuality of the passage with the agón between the Spartan Helen and Hector's widow, Andromache, in Seneca's dramatic piece is indicated. Both playwrights managed to transmit through these dramatic works all the pain and horror that war causes to the vanquished, but also to the victors, since, practically, within a war conflict no one comes out completely unscathed both emotionally and physically.
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The Beautiful, the Harmony and the Order: the Aesthetics of Saint Augustine (354-430)
Khae Lhucas Ferreira PEREIRA
Original title: O Belo, a Harmonia e a Ordem: a Estética de Santo Agostinho (354-430)
Published in Languages and Cultures in Tradition
In Confessiones, Saint Augustine mentions his lost treatise De Pulchro et Apto. Throughout his life, the African philosopher did not write another specific essay on beauty, but in his immense collection of books he repeatedly addresses this theme. By gathering scattered literary fragments, this article proposes a possible approach to reconstruct the aesthetic concept of the Bishop of Hippo based on his understanding of Beauty, Harmony and Order as essential conditions of artistic ability.
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Byzantine clothing: the sumptuous symbols portrayed in the exuberance of the costumes
Marizilda dos Santos MENEZES; Clara Damasceno ZANDONÁ
Original title: Indumentária bizantina: os símbolos suntuosos retratados na exuberância dos trajes
Published in Languages and Cultures in Tradition
This research analyses, through the costumes of the Byzantine court and elite, the historical context in which they were inserted, as well as the political and religious influences on their creation. Thus, the investigation aims to identify what the symbols and signs that combined the styles of clothing worn during the Byzantine Empire were, how they were represented and what they had. To this end, the methods used to prepare this bibliographic research permeate a theoretical and descriptive approach of an exploratory nature, whose outline is broken down into a qualitative analysis of the data. In addition, theoretical bases of scholars of Byzantinism and fashion historians were researched and proven, in addition to photographs of accessories from the Byzantine period, purchased from the Victoria and Albert Museum. For the Byzantine Empire, the development of industries and their adornments were extremely important for the understanding of the structural elements that made up the determinations controlled by the dual government between the State and the Church.
