Abacus Schools. The invention of a language
Giovanni PATRIARCA
Original title: Escuelas de ábaco. La invención de un lenguaje
Published in Mirabilia Journal
Keywords: Abacus Schools, Accounting, Economic History, History of Education, History of Mathematics, Linguistic Evolution.
Abacus schools are fundamental for mathematical, geometric and economic literacy as well as for the scientific development of these disciplines with their own sectorial language and style. The Abacus treatises constitute the basis of a solid administrative, accounting and commercial training. In a fruitful exchange with all expressions of society, they become the main engine for the consolidation of a new linguistic koiné.
Introduction to Medicine didactics of the Middle-Ages: analysis of medical treatises of the Iberian Peninsula
Josué VILLA PRIETO
Original title: Introducción a la didáctica de la Medicina en la Edad Media: análisis de los tratados médicos de la Península Ibérica
Published in
Keywords: Alonso Chirino, Arnau de Vilanova, Didactic treatises, History of Education, History of Medicine, Medieval medicine, Ramón Llull.
The Medical treatises produced in the Iberian Peninsula express Galen and Hippocrates traditional knowledge almost without introducing something new until the Late Middle Ages. This study proposes an interpretative synthesis about those new elements in a significant period of the genesis of Medicine as a modern science: how intellectuals define their attributions, how is inserted its teaching at Iberian studia generalia, who compose textbooks and materials for its study, how are organized these same treatises and, of course, which contents do they have.
Playing “Pythagoras” in Padua and Florence: a Sixteenth-Century Rithmomachia manuscript at the University of Pennsylvania
Ann E. MOYER
Published in Games from Antiquity to Baroque
Keywords: Florence, History of Education, History of Mathematics, Padua, Pythagoreanism, Rithmomachia, Universities.
A manuscript in the Lawrence J. Schoenberg Collection at the University of Pennsylvania Libraries (UPenn LJS 232) contains a manual for the medieval game rithmomachia by Carlo di Ruberto Strozzi, preceded by a brief treatise on proportion by Benedetto Varchi, both in vernacular; they were inspired by the Latin publication of Jacques Lefèvre d’Etaples. An examination of the treatise and the circle of learned Florentines involved in its production offer an example both of the ways that the game spread in European university cultures, and the limits of interest in the Boethian mathematics of proportion that the game was intended to exercise.
The medieval university: a memory
Terezinha Oliveira
Original title: A universidade medieval: uma memória
Published in The educacion and secular culture in the Middle Ages
Keywords: History of Education, Intellectuals, Medieval University, Memory.
In this article, we intend to analyze in general, the origins of the medieval university, considering it as a new place, favorable to the knowledge that participated with the community interests and it was legitimally knew as a fundamental space by the laic and ecclesiastic government. In this study we have based in some studious writers who held good position studying about the medieval university as Savigny, Verger, Steenberghen e Nardi. We believe that the questions treated by the medieval theoretical and what these studying people try to put in relief don’t express only the individual worries, but inquietudes and questions that the society asked in this historic epoch. Through these questions, we look for the origins of University that in other ways is a meaning of asking for the reasons for its existence. But we see in this study a further reach, not only just a look over the medieval. Doing this, we judge to be referring questions concerned to the future too, not thinking that there are the same problems, but because we are talking about the same Institution. In this way, we will be able, at least, to verify how the wise men of that epoch built these spaces that continue being a proper and opportune space for the knowledge. With that when we study the origens of the medieval universities using the historiography and the medieval documents, we are, in the same manner, creating a new memory and a new space of knowledge, established by our problems and our daily relations.
