Article
-
The compliment to the night in Vladimir Jankélévitch (1903-1985)
Clovis Salgado Gontijo OLIVEIRA
Original title: O elogio à noite em Vladimir Jankélévitch (1903-1985)
Published in Art, Criticism and Mysticism
Keywords: French contemporary philosophy, Mystical theology, Nocturnal experience, Symbology of light and darkness.
Vladimir Jankélévitch concedes to the image and experience of nighttime a proeminent place, both in his ontological and musicological reflections. Contradicting what is usually observed in Western philosophical tradition, the French contemporary philosopher elaborates, in different moments of his work, a kind of “compliment to the the night”, worthy of study. Therefore, the current article intends to point out the main factors which contribute to the extreme positivity of the nocturnal motive in Jankélévitch’s thought. Through this analysis it will be possible to recognize some of the fundamental influences which, in some cases reinterpreted, compose the original perspective of the philosopher. Among them, stand out the Romantic and Impressionist musical poetics, the philosophy of Henri Bergson, and a whole mystical and apophatical tradition, in which certain nocturnal image is equally valued.
-
Archaeology and his break: the need for genealogy and the appearance of power relations in Michel Foucault thinking
Thana Mara de SOUZA, Bruno Abilio GALVÃO
Original title: A arqueologia e seu rompimento: a necessidade de uma genealogia e o aparecimento das relações de poder no pensamento de Michel Foucault
Published in Art, Criticism and Mysticism
Keywords: Archaeology, Genealogy, Knowledge, Speech, power.
Breaking the boundaries of archeology is the result of a long trajectory of Foucault’s thought that in L’Archéologie du savoir, becomes unable to analyze the new issues that arise: the subject and social grounds relating to the choices of themes and theories that make certain discourse. The question of the subject presented in archaeological history from the beginning, in Histoire de la Folie, linked to the concept of historical a priori, as it always refers to a “someone” involved in discursive practices. But the “social foundation” appears in L’archéologie du savoir when Foucault investigates the strategic formations of a speech. From that moment, to explain the emergence of knowledge linked with social practices in which the subject is inserted, Foucault opts for a genealogy of power. So the aim of our work is to show how the breaking of boundaries of archeology, a fact that drives Foucault to look at the thought of Nietzsche, genealogy as a method that provides continuing with their studies occurs. As we reach the archaeological limit Foucault entering his genealogical period, we will see the emergence of the issue of power and its relation to the discursive practices presented during the term of archeology.
-
The aesthetic anamnesis of Umberto Eco
Ricardo da COSTA
Original title: A anamnese estética de Umberto Eco
Published in Art, Criticism and Mysticism
Keywords: Anamnesis, Medieval Aesthetics, Middle Ages, Umberto Eco.
The purpose of this paper is to present and analyze the aesthetic ideas of Umberto Eco (1932- ) in his book Art and Beauty in the Middle Ages (1987), particularly the aesthetic sensibilities and interests of medieval themes in the metaphysics of light (claritas), symbolism and allegory, and the aesthetic vision of the universe. For this we will use the Anamnesis Eric Voegelin's concept, exposed in their work – ANAMNESIS - From Theory of History and Politics (2002) – in which the author applies his philosophy of consciousness to your retrospective existential dimension, added to the aesthetic's considerations by the philosopher Roger Scruton (1944- ).
-
The allegorical representation in the Bad Women by Francisco de Goya (1746-1828): narrative and iconological analysis
Alexandre Emerick NEVES, Sabrina Vieira LITTIG
Original title: A representação alegórica na obra Mulher Má de Francisco de Goya (1746-1828): análise narrativa e iconológica
Published in Art, Criticism and Mysticism
Keywords: Allegory, Francisco de Goya, Iconography, Sorceress.
We present a study about of allegorical elements of representation from female figure in the work Bad Woman by Francisco de Goya y Lucientes. Through stemming images of popular imagination that throw themselves in time and serve to reinforce decadent social stereotypes, we propose a brief discussion of the allegory its significant and symbolic structures. The iconological approach of some narrative aspects of these artistic formulations indicates how the popular imagination contributed to the development of the witch myth, creature represented as evil reference by the artists of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, pernicious enemy of religious and moral structures. We emphasize the symbolic and conceptual relationships in the modern development of these figures in Goya's work.
-
The Envy in Curial and Güelfa and its representation in the Middle Ages autumn art
Ricardo da COSTA, Armando Alexandre dos SANTOS
Original title: A Inveja em Curial e Guelfa e sua representação na arte do outono da Idade Média
Published in Art, Criticism and Mysticism
Keywords: Capital Sins, Medieval Art, Medieval Philosophy, Medieval Theology.
In the anonymous chivalric novel Curial and Guelfa (XVth century), the Envy, one of the seven capital sins of the Medieval Septenary, offers a literary background (but also a philosophical-moral one) and is the foundation of both the plot teatralization and the characters poetic construction. As a recurrent theme in Medieval Philosophy, Theology and Homiletics, therefore, the Envy can also be considered as the novel’s leitmotiv. The purpose of this work is to present some initial remarks concerning this theme in Curial and Guelfa, and especially, relate it to some artistic representations of Envy in the period, such as, for example, the Arena Chapel Fresco (1308) of Giotto di Bondone (c. 1266-1337), The Last Judgement (c. 1393), of Taddeo di Bartolo (c. 1362-1422), besides, naturally, the famous iconographic representation of the theme by Hieronymus Bosch (c. 1450-1516): The Seven Capital Sins (c. 1485). To this purpose, our analysis will be methodologically based on the literary narrative method of Johan Huizinga (1872-1945), as exposed in his classic The Autumn of the Middle Ages (1919).
-
Fables in Bayeux Tapestry: interrelations between margin and center in the narrative of the 11th century conquering of England
Jaime Estevão dos REIS, Adriana ZIERER, Lúcio Carlos FERRARESE
Original title: As fábulas na Tapeçaria de Bayeux: inter-relações entre margem e centro na narrativa da conquista da Inglaterra no século XI
Published in Art, Criticism and Mysticism
Keywords: Bayeux Tapestry, England., Fables, Margin.
This article’s objective is to comprehend the role that the fables depicted in the marginal illustrations of the Bayeux Tapestry perform towards the main narrative. We present the historical context of the source’s creation, concerning the Battle of Hastings of 1066, the relations between the narrative and its context, with the fables. Thus, we have observed that these perform an auxiliary role for the comprehension of the main narrative, presenting exemplary and moralistic stories that interact directly with the central images.
-
The relation between wealth, timē, axia and moira in the Homeric poems
Adriana Santos TABOSA
Original title: A relação entre riqueza, timē, axia e moira nos poemas homéricos
Published in Nicholas of Cusa in Dialogue
Keywords: Axia, Homer, Moira, Timē.
This paper analyzes the concept of wealth and its relation to the equation timē-axia-moira and the relation between the fundamental concepts of timē − agalmata contained in the Homeric poems.
-
Considerations on Nicholas of Cusa’s De genesi. Thinking beyond the coincidentia oppositorum in light of the enigmatic name “idem”
José GONZÁLEZ RÍOS
Original title: Consideraciones en torno al De genesi de Nicolás de Cusa. Pensar más allá de la coincidentia oppositorum a la luz del nombre enigmático “idem”
Published in Nicholas of Cusa in Dialogue
Keywords: De genesi, Nicholas of Cusa, Thinking beyond the coincidentia oppositorum, “Idem”.
In De docta ignorantia (1440), Nicholas of Cusa presents the first comprehensive formulation of his system of thought. In De coniecturis, which he began writing at the time, he not only completes the anthropology and theory of knowledge, which he suggested in De docta ignorantia, but also presents the proposal of thinking the divine beyond thecoincidentia oppositorum. In the following years, he writes a group of opuscula in which he revists the topics treated in his previous works. Notorious amongst them is the dialog De genesi (1447). In it, Cusanus speculates on one of the most cherished subjects of his investigation, i.e. the relationship between the one and the multiple, by means of a new aenigmatic name: “idem”. Our work seeks to show that Nicholas of Cusa conjectures about that problem –in terms of identity and difference– in taking up his proposal of thinking the absolute beyond the coincidentia oppositorum.
-
The Myth of Lot in Genesis 19 and its Implications in Sexual Education During the Middle Ages
Andrea A. M. GATTI
Published in Pleasure in the Middle Ages
Keywords: Allegory, Cave cult, Homosexuality, Hospitality, Incest.
An accurate understanding of sexual relations described in Lot’s parable in Genesis 19 constitutes an interesting key to the analysis of this episode and to its exegetic interpretation throughout the Middle Age. In this essay we will focus on two distinct moments of the account: first, the attempted rape of Lot’s divine guests by the populace of Sodom, then destroyed by God’s anger; second, the incestuous intercourses between Lot and his daughters in a remote cave, far from the burning cities of the Dead Sea’s plain. By comparing this passage with similar episodes in the Old Testament, we will try to explain those topoi in their historical and geographical context, by stressing the ethnic and genealogical background of this episode. Then, we will show different readings by exegetes of all the revealed religions during the Middle Age. Finally, Supported by textual and iconographical analysis, we will study the social and cultural implications of such readings in response to these violent behaviours and to the role played by facts and characters.
-
The Reception of Latin Grammar Knowledge in the Early Middle Ages: Bede and Donatus
Maya PETROVA
Published in Pleasure in the Middle Ages
Keywords: Bede, Donatus, Grammatical knowledge.
The article treats the grammatical tradition of Late Antiquity and its reception in the early Middle Ages. Bede’s rhetorical and grammatical works are analysed in the context of medieval school practice; the question of the extent to which Bede’s texts depend on Aelius Donatus’ Ars grammatica is considered; the parallels and differences between their texts are discussed.
