Ricardo da COSTA

Original title: A Cultura na Península Ibérica Medieval e Moderna (sécs. XIII-XVII)

Presentation

Cecilia Cintra Cavaleiro de MACEDO

Original title: O Pensamento filosófico judaico em al-Andalus

Initiated by Philo of Alexandria at the 1st century of Christian Age in dialogue with Hellenistic thought, philosophy was developed among the Jewish during the Middle Age in territories under Islamic political power and for many centuries it was written in Arabic. Hebrew was a language used for prayer, and for centuries, it did not have appropriate words to translate the concepts of Greek philosophy. For this reason, until the 13th century Jewish philosophy was written almost exclusively in Arabic. It migrated from Orient to Occident and, especially in al-Andalus, it had a very expressive development, through the efforts of the Caliphate of Cordoba and in the next period too, with the support of some of the separate kingdoms (Tawâ’if).

Aline Dias da SILVEIRA; Rodrigo Prates de ANDRADE

Original title: “Quel dan uenga sobre altre que sobre nos”: tolerância e pragmatismo no Llibre dels Feyts de Jaime I de Aragão (1213-1276)

The purpose of this article is to undestand the representations about the saracens in the autobiography of James I of Aragon (1208-1276) produced in the 1270 decade, the Llibre dels Feyts. Since the contemporary medieval studies interpret these representations from a preponderance of ethinic and religious aspects or a break caused by the first revolt of Valencia (1244), becomes necessary to analyze the relations between christians and muslims from a medieval concept of tolerance in order to encompass them in their historical complexity and increase the interpretations to the developed time by entering James I in the Iberian context of the XIII century. The analysis of the Llibre dels Feyts exposes the operationalization of a pragmatic policy toward the conquered Muslims populations, to tolerate those who recognize the authority and legitimacy of catalan-aragonese monarch. According to an organic and feudal perspective the saracens were incorporated into Catalan and Aragonese territories, without, however, enjoy a equal status.

Antonio Celso RIBEIRO

Original title: A Polifonia discursivo-musical nas Cantigas de Santa Maria de Alfonso X, o Sábio

The aim of the present work is to analyse the interrelationship between the text and the musical tessitura in one of the pieces from the Cantigas de Santa Maria, by Alfonso X, el Sabio (13th Cent.). The chosen work is extracted among those which deal with the presence of the Jewish people in a Christian realm, where I look for to recover in the melodies, marks that reinforce or denigrate their image, comparing them with Christian presence as well the Virgen Mary. Thus, I take in assumption that music is a language, and I will support the analysis in taking into account the concept of “discursive-musical polyphony” created by Lanna using the theoretical framework of the Russian philosopher Mikhail Bakhtin.

David NAVARRO

Original title: Juan Manuel (1282-1348) and ‘Jewish’ Professions in Count Lucanor: A Medieval Iberian Model of Inter-Group Relations

This article aims to analyze the personal relationship between Christian writer Juan Manuel (1282-1348) and the Jewish community in his collection of didactic exempla, El Conde Lucanor [Count Lucanor]. Through the theory of out-group interaction, and the mechanisms of re-fencing and extended contact hypothesis, I will examine the relationship of trust and respect reflected between the author and the Jews through the portrayal of some professions attributed to that community by popular folklore, such as money lenders, physicians, alchemists, nigromancers and sorcerers, as shown in the introduction and four exempla of the book. I will analyze several literary techniques employed by the author in regards to these ‘Jewish occupations’ as a resource to minimize the social rejection towards the Jew, and an example of a complex convivencia [cohabitation] that shaped XIV-century Castilian Christian-Jewish relations.

David WAIMAN

Original title: Mujeres marginadas. El caso de las concubinas castellanas

Concubinage has been, over the past decade, several investigations. While increasingly know more about concubines and late medieval concubinage. This time we will try to give a new look to the pasts in Castile in the thirteenth and fifteenth centuries. Added to this will be analytical axis as the role of women in concubinage, seeing in them the various forms that are part of that reality.

Rafael RAMIS BARCELÓ

Original title: O pensamento político franciscano da Coroa de Aragão (sécs. XIII-XV): modelos, paradigmas e ideias

This paper aims to present the importance of Franciscanism in the political thought of the Crown of Aragon. After examining the settlement of the Franciscan Order in the Crown of Aragon and studying the obtainable historiography, a series of models are proposed through cross ideological currents, thinkers, political actors and basic issues of political medieval theory. This would support the idea that in the Crown of Aragon (in a broad sense) some traits can be individualized that can only be understood through Political Franciscanism.

Ricardo da COSTA

Original title: O Diálogo no limite: “A disputa entre Pedro e Ramon, o superfantástico” (1311)

The purpose of this conference is to present the phylosophical debate between Pedro and Ramon Llull (Librum disputationis Petri et Raimundi phantastici), and analyze the limits of the medieval dialogue. Debate or conversion? We intend to discuss the parameters of medieval dialogue lulian, aspects that led our author to the most extreme fantasies of literary-philosophical dialogue: the dramatization of the conflict between ideals and realistic attitudes. In addition, we intend to do a iconographic analysis of one of the most famous artistic representations of Ramon Llull: “The rear of the army and relief of Mr. Ramon Llull of Majorca to destroy the tower of falsehood and ignorance”, seventh miniature from Breviculum (1325).

Marcella LOPES GUIMARÃES

Original title: As memórias de D. Leonor López de Córdoba (1362/63-1430): uma poética do não esquecimento

The memoires of a Castilian lady Eleanor Lopez of Cordova consist on an unique document for three reasons: the female authorship within the context she was in, the autobiographic text and the support for the rightful faction defeated by the ascension of the Trastamara. Eleanor Lopez of Cordova is the daughter of Martin Lopez of Cordova, who was the Master of the Alcantara and Calatrava orders, and a rare survivor of the persecution that her family went through after her father’s death. With the marriage of Henry III and Catherine of Lancaster, she achieved a noteworthy prominence, which however, was once again dissembled by the complex royal and noble relations during the period of John II’s reing.

Geraldo Augusto FERNANDES

Original title: O Cancioneiro Geral de Garcia de Resende (1470-1536): festa e teatralidade, um espaço para a exaltação do “eu”

The Portuguese poetry of the XVth and XVIth centuries is denominated courtly poetry due to the fact that it was in the palace that nobles and courtesans got together for rejoice and cultural changes – not only that of Portugal but also of its neighbor, Castile. After the poetry composed by troubadours in the previous centuries, the poetry of the Fourteenth and the Fifteenth will portrait the culture and sociability of a country where the maritime Discoveries will point out the richness and ostentation, because of an economy in expansion. Garcia de Resende’s Cancioneiro Geral, a compilation of 880 poems from 1459 to 1516, is considered a historical document in verses which registers the beginning of the greatness of Portugal.

Carmen Lícia PALAZZO

Original title: A mesquita de Córdoba e a Alhambra de Granada: o monumento fundador e o derradeiro testemunho de al-Andalus

This article analyses two of the most significant monuments in Islamic Spain: the Great Mosque in Cordoba and the Alhambra in Granada. Both are treated with regard to the political history of the region. The article stresses the role of Byzantine Christian artists in the decoration of the Mosque, as well as the relevance of decorative arts in both monuments, particularly the occurrence of Quranic mentions of luxury and ornament. It shows the importance, in the Alhambra, of the ensemble as an affirmation of the Nasrid Dynasty, by means of opulent decoration and the epigraphic poetry of Ibn Zamrak in the Fountain of Lions, declaring the genealogical roots of Muhammad V.

Julia BUTIÑÁ JIMÉNEZ

Original title: La introducción del Humanismo en la Península Ibérica

Summary statement of the reception of Humanist movement in the Iberian Peninsula, which is introduced by the Crown of Aragon. Apart from a few preconceptions about their appearance, characterization, proccess, and current critical situation, the theme focuses on the main production of Humanistic character in Catalan, highlighting Bernat Metge by its prominence and be receiver the very first impact.

Jacqueline HERMANN

Original title: Sementes do Messias: percursos do messianismo régio ibérico (sécs. XIV-XVI)

This paper discusses some of the possible routes of royal messianism in the Iberian world between the XIV and XVI Centuries. Through a vast songbook, poems and texts of various kinds it is possible to identify the roots of royal messianism as emerged in Iberia Peninsula in the Middle Ages, and its development in the Modern Period. The best example of royal messianic expectations, Portuguese Sebastianism, fed upon these sources amongst others, and found fertile ground in the dramatic political context which followed the defeat by the Moors in Alcácer Quibir.

José Eduardo Costa SILVA

Original title: “Venid a suspirar al verde prado”: saudade e melancolia em uma canção ibérica (séc. XVI)

This article by employing the use of musical analysis, investigating the possibility of music porting an objective basis for the production of sensations, feelings and meanings. Thus, it is inscribed in the traditional discussion, often engendered by neo- Kantian and the Husserlian phenomenology, around the categorical joints involved in the subject-object relationship. The analyzed example is the Iberian anonymous “Venid a suspirar al verde prado”. Through its analysis, we concluded that the constitution's own musical time lie the foundations that sustain affective production and signifying that common sense attributes to the Iberian repertoire, especially the Portuguese songbook.

Cecilia DEVIA

Original title: Katechon y derecho de resistencia: una aproximación desde la Edad Media

The figure katechon is a complex and ambiguous character, based on a biblical quote taken from the Second Epistle of Paul to the Thessalonians. Expresses the power to “slow” or “holds” the coming of the Antichrist and therefore the confrontation between the forces of good and evil, which precedes the return of the Messiah and the end of the world. In this paper we build on the analysis undertaken on the concept by different contemporary thinkers. If the figure of katechon be applied in relation to the uprisings in medieval and early modern radical character as those inspired by millenarian movements, one could consider that the daily resistance of the dominated, mostly passive features, would act as a brake for the arrival of the end of the world, necessary for the advent of a new one.

Alice TAVARES

Original title: Arte da Caça de Altenaria: um exemplar português de literatura cinegética do século XVII

This article has the objective of showing the Hunting art of Diogo Fernandes Ferreira, and also to send some clues and questions to future investigations about the hunting activity with the use of poultry. We also want to emphasize the importance of hunting in the Portuguese modern society, mainly in a certain moment, in which this activity was “sleeping”. This is a work of Portuguese literature about hunting, written by a royal falconer in the first quarter of the XVII century.

Ana Paula Torres MEGIANI

Original title: Banquetes de damas e cavaleiros: alimentação, cerimonial e etiqueta de mesa na corte dos Habsburgo em Espanha e em Portugal (sécs. XVI e XVII)

One of the most remarkable characteristics of modern European monarchies was the adoption of the etiquette system in the habits of the royal household and noblemen in general. This system relates structurally to the building of hierarchies and the creation of symbolic attributes within the courts. This article presents a contribution to the studies regarding the rapport between courtly etiquette and eating ceremonies, either public or private, during the reigns of monarchs from the House of Habsburg, since Charles V to Philip III of Spain.

Kristina AUGUSTIN

Original title: Niños caponados: o início de uma prática vocal de origem ibérica

This article is intended to address and clarify some issues about the castrati, the chronological question about the beginning of the practice of castration with musical objective in Europe as well as the existing migration particularly between Spain and Italy in the first half of the sixteenth Century.

Barbara BOTTER

Original title: Causa e princípio explicativo do ser em Aristóteles (Metafísica VII, 17)

The main topic of this paper is to study the role the form has in constituting composite substances. I will examine the chapter 17 of Metaphysics VII, especially the lines 1041b12-25, who Aristotle uses the example of syllable to show that form is the primary cause of being of sensible substances in that it causes them to be one. The main issue of this investigation is to show that, especially in the last chapter of Metaphysics Zeta, essence is closely identified by Aristotle to the form, which is in charge to transform the material elements into an essential unity and to explain the structure of hylomorphic substances.

Daniele Gallindo Gonçalves SILVA; Mauricio da Cunha ALBUQUERQUE

Original title: Bárbaros ou/vs Romanos? Sobre Identidades e Categorias Discursivas

In this article, we discuss the identity issues in relation to the world of Late Antiquity and its subsequent representations. To this end, we start with a discussion of the identities in the late-ancient world, emphasizing the complexity and fluidity that occur in the processes of formation (ethnogenesis) and transformation. Then arises the problem of the terminologies used to represent the ancient people (focusing on the concept of “German”), and how these categories, having a potential to produce representations, create misconceptions of identity about (and between) the ancients.

Eirini ARTEMI

Saint John Chrysostom refers to the obligations of spouses in a marriage. He addresses mainly his advice in men, because the male selfishness hardly is tamed and he sometimes behaves with cruelty. Chrysostom condemns the practice of physical violence and abuse of women by men. On the contrary he requires the sacrificial spirit from man, great forgiveness and not threats and intimidation. With grace and meekness, the deep peace of the family will be ensured and the discontent will be removed and also the devotion of one spouse to the other will increase. Chrysostom says: “There is nothing, nothing more precious than to anyone be loved so much from his wife or from her husband”. St. John Chrysostom refers to a cohesive element, the foundation of conjugation, communication between spouses. It is the daily interaction of both spouses. The most important element of communication is discussion. The debate should be about intimacy, mutual respect in an atmosphere of freedom, equality and love. Then you may find the solution in case of disagreement or conflict. St. John Chrysostom thinks that the husband and the wife must try together to have a happy marriage.

Guilherme Queiroz de SOUZA

Original title: Adoubement e Cavalaria no Ocidente feudal: o Eracle (c. 1159-1184) de Gautier d’Arras

The purpose of this article is to analyze the adoubement and the Chivalry in the Feudal West, through the emphasis on the romance Eracle, written by the French cleric Gautier d’Arras between 1159 and 1184. In this work, the protagonist hero is submitted to the adoubement (rite of passage) to join the Chivalry, category considered by some historians as the dominant institution during the Feudalism. We study the evolution and stages of the rite, as well as the main chivalric virtues (courage, loyalty and prudence), the concepts of largesse and prodomie and the art of war. For this, we utilize comparatively works of the 11-12th centuries.

Alfonso M. HERNÁNDEZ RODRÍGUEZ

Original title: Auge, caída y renacimiento de la tradición exegética carolingia. Observaciones sobre la transmisión de la cultura benedictina entre los siglos VIII y XX

During the High the Middle Ages the main centers of thought were, or were influenced, by the cultural and theological tradition of the monasteries. The Carolingian biblical exegesis belongs to that tradition. This study explores the becoming of the exegetical texts that forms that tradition, from its production to its modern use as sources for the study of early medieval culture during the twentieth century.

Josué VILLA PRIETO

Original title: La cultura de los menestrales: tratados didácticos medievales dedicados a la dignificación de los oficios mecânicos

Facing Artes Liberales practiced by intellectuals, experts in Trivium and Quadrivium or doctors in Law or Teology, Artes Mechanicae are exercised by workers through manual practice. In Classical Antiquity they are considered Artes Vulgares, an expression which reflects an underestimation in relation to Artes Liberales. During the Middle Ages, this term is replaced with Artes Mechanicae by philosophers and writers, in order to claim their utility and value in medieval society. This study proposes an interpretative synthesis about speeches dedicated to the classification and dignification the Artes Mechanicae in Spanish teatrises in the Late Medieval period, treatises which are dedicated to issue knowledge and represent the ideal society (Ramón Llull, don Juan Manuel, Francesc Eiximenis, Rodrigo Sánchez de Arévalo) as well in French and Italian authors very known in Iberian Peninsula (Hugh of Saint Victor, Vincent de Beauvais, Ralph of Longchamp, Giles of Rome).

Philippe JOSERAND

A comprehensive scholarly study of the Templars in France has not been published yet. Yet their order, from the outset, was closely linked to the French present space: most brethren were born there, and the langue d’oïl rapidly stood as the official tongue of the institution. For two centuries, the Templars used the Capetian kingdom as the main operations base to act in the Latin East and to sustain their singular vocation merging prayer and warfare into the same religious move. After the trial which opened in 1307 on King Philip the Fair’s initiative, the Templar order, although suppressed, did not entirely disappear from the French landscape: some buildings remained and, even more, a myth took shape, from which an historiography gradually emerged. This scientific movement strengthened from the end of the twentieth century and it now allows to shed new light on the French Templar presence, and to question the generally accepted ideas in order to better understand a medieval reality, which is still fascinating, but often strangely evoked.

Patricia GRAU-DIECKMANN

Original title: Los Unicornios – Virtud y Traición – enigmática propuesta iconográfica de Salvador Dalí (1904-1989)

“Whether or not a real unicorn existed, it may not itself be as exciting or as important as the things that men dreamed, thought and wrote about it” (Shepard). Of all the stories woven around the mythical figure of the unicorn, one that is repeated over and over again is that only a true virgin can be used as a decoy. Her aroma leaves the unicorn defenseless in front of the hunter who would kill it for its valuable horn. An unexpected iconography is the one proposed by Salvador Dalí in his small statue of The Unicorn.

Ronaldo VAINFAS

Original title: O idioma da apostasia judaica na Holanda do século XVII: a Bíblia de Ferrara e a reinvenção da cultura sefardita

This article presents a study on the conversion of the Portuguese New Christians to Judaism in Amsterdam as well as in Recife under the Dutch rule, during the first half of the seventeenth century. New Christians, which, due to their ambivalent identity amidst the Sephardic Judaism and Catholicism, were defined by the historian Yosef Kaplan as New Jews. Based on processes of the Inquisition of Lisbon against Portuguese Jews caught in Pernambuco´s war, the author analyzes the jewish rites reported by the prisoners, in particular the use of the Castilian language, or its variant, the ladino, in the synagogal daily prayers. The article sustains that this doctrinal method, conceived in the early seventeenth century by the Portuguese Jewry in Amsterdam, was an adaptation of the first translation of the Old Testament into Spanish – the Bible of Ferrara. Composed in the 1550s by the Portuguese Daniel Pinel and by the Spanish Jeronimo Vargas, both Sephardic exiles, in Italy, the ferraresca bible proves the decisive role of the traditional Sephardic culture, restored in the Mediterranean Diaspora – as the case of Ferrara shows – for the Iberian Judaism reconstruction in the Netherlands.

Julia BUTIÑÁ

Alaitz Zalbidea BERENGUER

Beatriz Passamai PEREIRA

Enio Paulo GIACHINI