Article
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Commentary of João da Cruz about the verse “With thirst in inflammables loves” in the second book of Dark Night
Marcelo Martins BARREIRA
Original title: Comentário de João da Cruz ao verso com ânsias em amores inflamados no segundo livro da Noite Escura
Published in Mystic and Millenarianism in Middle Ages
Keywords: João da Cruz, Love, Medieval Philosophy, Mystic, soul.
The article is about the will in mystical contemplation. From the chapters 11-13 of the John of the Cross’s work entitled The Dark Night. There is in this book a original reading of John of the Cross on the relationship between will and intellect, especially with the "inflammation of love" in the soul.
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Michel de Certeau and Tereza de Ávila: toward literature and mystical experience
Cicero Cunha BEZERRA
Original title: Michel de Certeau e Teresa de Ávila: em torno da literalidade da experiência mística
Published in Mystic and Millenarianism in Middle Ages
Keywords: Literature, Michel de Certeau, Mystical, Philosophy, Teresa de Avila.
How to think of a mystical experience? Is there any belief in a ‘negative tradition’ that constitutes a literary corpus which can propitiate a specific reading or at least a more restrict one about what we call mystical? Michel de Certeau has already defined it in such way that allow us to penetrate it through literature, specially concerning to narratives writing by women during XVI and XVII centuries. This paper analyses the literary aspects expressed on a mystical experience, based on Michel de Certeau´s works La fable mystique and Mystique au XVII Siecle: le problem du language mystique, and Teresa de Àvila´s poesías líricas and exclamaciones.
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Millenarianism in Joachim of Fiore and Antonio Vieira
Noeli Dutra ROSSATTO and Marcus DE MARTINI
Original title: Milenarismo em Joaquim de Fiore e Antônio Vieira
Published in Mystic and Millenarianism in Middle Ages
Keywords: Antonio Vieira, Eschatology, Hermeneutic, History, Joachim of Fiore.
This article aims at analyzing the presence of millenarianism in the works of Joachim of Fiore (c. 1132-1202) and Father Antonio Vieira (1608- 1697). First of all, one shows that there is not properly a millenarianism in Joachim’s works, and that the millenarianism attributed to him comes from the Spiritual Franciscans, the Jesuits and also from some apocryphal texts unduly attributed to him. Based on that, secondly, one points out just an indirect relation between Vieira and Joachim, since, besides the fact that the latter was not millenarian, the Portuguese Jesuit did not ground his prophetical ideas on the abbot’s authentic works. Hence Vieira’s millenarianism, very often related to the abbot’s thought by the critics, would be derived from Joachite circles and some pseudo-Joachite texts.
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By Way of Introduction: The Emotional Domain in History
Ricardo da COSTA and Enric MALLORQUÍ-RUSCALLEDA
Original title: À guisa de introdução: as Emoções na História
Published in Emotions in the Ancient and Medieval Mediterranean World
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The Emotions on the Barcelona Streets of the Fifteenth Century
Cláudia Costa BROCHADO
Original title: As emoções nas ruas barcelonesas do século XV
Published in Emotions in the Ancient and Medieval Mediterranean World
Keywords: Barcelona, Emotions, Fifteenth century, Marriage.
The relationships between the citizens of fifteenth century Barcelona were often turbulent, especially between couples. The conflicts that occurred sometimes resulted in legal proceedings. The statements submitted for these cases were a visible expression of the emotions and conflicts involved. This article presents some of these legal proceedings through partial transcriptions, with the aim of getting as close as possible to the feelings and emotions of the people of Barcelona at the end f the Middle Ages.
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Love in the Time of Demons: Thirteenth-Century Approaches to the Capacity for Love in Fallen Angels
Juanita FEROS RUYS
Original title: O amor em tempos demoníacos: diferentes abordagens no século XIII para a capacidade de amar dos anjos caídos
Published in Emotions in the Ancient and Medieval Mediterranean World
Keywords: Demons, Free will, Friendship, Natural love, lust.
Demons in the Middle Ages were primarily known as creatures that could feel only envy, anger, and malicious glee. But there remained an undercurrent in both scholastic thought and monastic tales that also understood demons as creatures once capable−and perhaps still so−of love. This paper examines the capacity for love and friendship attributed to demons in the thirteenth century. It shows how love could be seen as the motivating emotion in their original fall from Heaven, and explores the role love is subsequently thought to have played in both their relationships with each other and their amatory and sexual relationships with humans.
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Querimonia desolacionis terre sancte – The fall of Acre and the Holy Land in 1291 as an emotional element in the Tradition of Teutonic Order
Shlomo LOTAN
Original title: Querimonia desolacionis terre sancte – A perda de Acre e da Terra Santa em 1291 como um elemento emocional para a tradição da Ordem Teutônica
Published in Emotions in the Ancient and Medieval Mediterranean World
Keywords: Crusades, Fall of Acre 1291, Holy Land, Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem, Teutonic Order.
The fall of Acre to the Muslim forces in 1291 was one of the devastated events in the history of the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem. The fall of main Crusader city in fact the capitol of the Latin Kingdom, was the last military episode in long history of the Crusader resistance in the Holy Land. The fall of Acre had a decisive influence on the Christian population, the Church and the nobility throughout Europe. It created also a forceful impact on the Military Orders, affecting their capability and strength. This article will focus on one of the main Military Orders in the Holy Land - the Teutonic Order, and on the manner in which the fall of the Holy Land had influenced the empowering of its tradition. Major chronicles of the Teutonic Order, written in the first half of the fourteenth century by its brethren Peter von Dusburg and Nicolaus von Jeroschin show it clearly. This critical event in which the Teutonic Knights also participated is treated as a central event. Despite the time that elapsed from the fall of the Latin Kingdom and the long distance from the Teutonic fighting in the Baltic region, this crucial event in the Holy Land had become a symbol destined as a lament (Klage in German). This lament represented an emotional and sense of pain caused by the great loss the suffering associated with the fall of the Holy Land. This article will further accentuate the assertion that even among the members of the Teutonic Order within the borders of Christianity in the Baltic region, well separated from Christian activity in the Mediterranean basin, the fall of the Holy Land had been fundamental. It had dominated the emotional state in the Teutonic order, affecting its evolving traditions. In had become the means throughwhich the Teutonic Order had expressed solidarity with the pain caused by the loss of the Holy Land, the place where their traditions began and was further shaped their medieval heritage.
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Between silence and screams. The emotional manifestations as a support of historical discourse during the reign of John II of Castile
Flora RAMIRES
Original title: Entre el silencio y el grito. Las manifestaciones emocionales como soporte del discurso historiográfico durante el reinado de Juan II de Castilla
Published in Emotions in the Ancient and Medieval Mediterranean World
Keywords: Anger, Emotion, John II of Castile, Politics, Tears.
The emotions of the king John II of Castile (1407-1454), from the official chronicle of the kingdom, the Alvar García de Santa María. We emphasize the importance of emotions in the reign of the king as a political practice. By examining the forms of reactions and emotions that were transmitted and appeared in the historiography of the episode of the hit of Tordesilas be distinguished the words and actions that affirm the power of the king and the power of the emotions of the king. Therefore, we will focus on the silences of the king and the forms of anger.
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Emotion as Search for Wisdom in Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz’s (1651- 1695): El primer sueño
Lydia H. RODRÍGUEZ
Original title: La emoción como búsqueda de la sabiduría en El Primero Sueño de Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz (1651-1695)
Published in Emotions in the Ancient and Medieval Mediterranean World
Keywords: Dualism, Freedom, Intellectual search, Sor Juana, soul.
The following article analyzes emotion as a human intellectual quest; this search can be considered a positive emotion. As Plato once said the use of logic and reason to channel our emotions makes something constructive that leads to the truth. This human need of emotion to seek human understanding is presented in Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz. Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz expresses her imagination, creativity and genius through her extraordinary verses in the poem Primero Sueño. In this masterpiece of baroque literature, Sor Juana’s intellectual power as a writer, her deep curiosity and especially her pursuit of wisdom is displayed. Under a truly complex surface, there is a current of emotional distress. In the poem, the reader can appreciate Sor Juana’s internal struggle and the sense of desolation that she experiences. This suffering is evident and manifests itself in a constant tension between several contradictory elements in the poem. Finally, Sor Juana attempts to capture the human experience and achieve a complete understanding of the universe in Primero Sueño. She attempts this through her emotional view of the world in which she lives and interprets.
