Article
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Super Incontinentia Clericorum. A historical note about the Cántica de los clérigos de Talavera
Estefanía BERNABÉ
Original title: Super Incontinentia Clericorum: Un apunte histórico sobre la Cántica de los clérigos de Talavera
Published in Relations between History and Literature in Ancient and Medieval World
Keywords: Celibacy, Clerisy, Concubinage, Libro de Buen Amor, Morality.
In the Libro de Buen Amor, written in the XIV century by Juan Ruiz, Archpriest of Hita, we find one of the best critical sources to observe the behavior of the late-medieval Spanish clerisy; through fiction, the book acts as an outstanding historical document when trying to approach their concept of celibacy. The part of the Libro that we hereby analyze, the Cántica de los clérigos de Talavera, clearly of goliardic accent, sets out the protest of the archdiocese of Toledo before the establishment of the obligatory celibacy. In this article, we outline a note about the historical development of the celibacy in the peninsula departing from the satirical approach of the Libro.
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Religious conflict in the fifth century through two parallel views – The sack of Rome in 410 AD in two literary works: De Reditu suo of Rutilio Namaziano and The City of God, of St. Augustine
Lilian Regina Gonçalves DINIZ
Original title: O conflito religioso no século V por meio de duas visões paralelas – O saque de Roma, de 410 d.C., em duas obras literárias: De Reditu suo, de Rutilio Namaziano, e A Cidade de Deus, de Santo Agostinho
Published in Relations between History and Literature in Ancient and Medieval World
Keywords: Christianity, Late Antiquity, Paganism, Sack of Rome, Theological conflict..
This article wants to analyze the event known as The Sack of Rome, occurred on 410 DC, using two contemporary works: De Reditu Suo, of the pagan poet Rutilio Namaziano and The City of God, written by the bishop Agostine from Hipona. The choice of these authors aimed to draw a religious parallel that illustrates the theological conflict that existed in that time. It will be initially presented the historical context preceding the period in question, known as Late Antiquity. Will be presented the political, social, economic and military questions, in order to understand the religious and social conflict caused by the rise of Christianity and the consequent decline of paganism. Is important to remember that this article is not intended to be a theological or literary thesis about the works that we are studying here. It is only a superficial historical view of an extremely wide and rich period, too complex to be treated in a few pages.
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The figure of Francesc de Vinatea in the kingdom of Valencia. From the royal chronicle to the archival records (1331-1332)
Vicent BAYDAL SALA
Original title: A figura de Francesc de Vinatea no reino de Valência. Da crônica real aos documentos arquivísticos (1331-1332)
Published in Relations between History and Literature in Ancient and Medieval World
Keywords: 14th century, Chronicles, Crown of Aragon, Francesc de Vinatea, Kingdom of Valencia.
Francesc de Vinatea was called a medieval hero by the liberal historiography and he still occupies an important position in the collective imagination of the Valencian society. This consideration comes from the facts narrated in the chronicle of Pedro IV of Aragon, which, however, we now know that were altered by the monarch himself to improve his image. This manipulation is what we intend to reveal in this text, by comparing the narrative of the chronicle with archival data extracted from the Aragonese royal chancery documents.
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The Death of the Virgin Mary (1295) in the Macedonian church of the Panagia Peribleptos in Ohrid. Iconographic interpretation from the prospective of three apocryphal writings
José María SALVADOR GONZÁLEZ
Original title: La muerte de la Virgen María (1295) en la iglesia macedonia de la Panagia Peribleptos de Ohrid. Interpretación iconográfica a la luz de tres escritos apócrifos
Published in Relations between History and Literature in Ancient and Medieval World
Keywords: Byzantine painting, Iconography, Koimesis, Medieval Art, apocryphal literature.
Painted in 1295 by the Greek painters Michael Astrapas and Eutychios, the fresco of the Virgin’s Death (Koimesis) in the church of Panagia Peribleptos in Ohrid, Macedonia, highlights the main events described by the apocryphal stories on the death, the burial, the resurrection and the assumption of Mary, reinterpreted by the theologians and the hymns’ writers. This mural painting integrates in a diachronic development the scenes of the Virgin’s farewell to her friends, the coming of the apostles on clouds, the death, the funeral and the burial of Mary, including the episode on the attempt of desecration, the punishment and the conversion of a Jew named Jephonias, as well as the Virgin’s assumption, a subject performed for the first time in art. This article tries to explain and to illustrate the iconographic elements contained in this mural painting, analyzing them from the perspective of three apocryphal texts on the Mary’s death and assumption. Through such analysis we would highlight the direct and essential influence of certain Literature (apocryphal) in the creation of certain History, understood at the same time as History of Art (iconography) and History of Religions (dogmatic).
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The coronation of norwegian kings in Trondheim: the case of Magnús Erlingsson (1156-1184)
Edmar Checon de FREITAS and Renan Marques BIRRO
Original title: A coroação dos reis noruegueses em Trondheim (séc. XII): o caso de Magnús Erlingsson (1156-1184)
Published in Relations between History and Literature in Ancient and Medieval World
Keywords: Kingship, Legitimation, Norway, Royal religion, XII century.
This work analyses the coronation’s process of Norwegian kings in the second half of XII century, with special attention to the ceremony for ascension of Magnús Erlingsson (11561184) to the norwegian throne. From the contraposition of many sources of XI-XIII centuries and with the support of royal religion concept of Jacques Le Goff, the present work delineated the transformation of a boy in a king, especially from a detailed analysis of Privilegiebrev (Letter of Privileges, c. 1163-1164), source that explores the potential of christian religion to legitimate a monarch and a dynasty under the Norwegian civil wars of the XII century.
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Philosophical-political mean and range of Novus ordo naturae in the Lucrecio’s poem De rerum natura
Prof. Dr. José Ricardo PIERPAULI
Original title: Significado y alcance filosófico-político del Novus ordo naturae en el poema de Lucrecio De rerum natura
Published in Relations between History and Literature in Ancient and Medieval World
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The Laude Spaniae of Isidore of Seville in the Iberic Medieval Chronicles (VIIIth-XIVth centuries)
António REI
Original title: A Laude Spaniae de Isidoro de Sevilha na Cronística Medieval Peninsular (séculos VIII-XIV)
Published in Relations between History and Literature in Ancient and Medieval World
Keywords: Chronicles, Isidore of Seville, Laude Spaniae, Middle Ages, Reconquest.
The presence of Laude Spaniae (Praise of Hispania) of Isidor, bishop of Seville in the medieval chronicles wrote in the Iberic Peninsula between the VIIIth and the XIVth centuries, by the Christian political powers, as an emotional part of the chronicle text, leading to the effort of military “reconquest” to the muslim powers in the andalusian parts of the Peninsula.
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Iranian origins of millenialism
Edrisi FERNANDES
Original title: As origens iranianas do milenarismo
Published in Mystic and Millenarianism in Middle Ages
Keywords: Apocalypticism, Eschatology, Millennialism, Zoroastrianism, Zurvanism.
This essay consists in a critical evaluation of the Iranian contribution to the origins of Judaeo-Christian millennialism through Zoroastrianism and Zurvanism. With that aim, the beginnings of Iranian millennialism with Zarathustra (Zoroaster) are reviewed, and the reason for the creation of finite time, as well as its function as a bridge to the coming epoch of unlimited time, are analysed. Some aspects of the Greek reception and transmission of Iranian eschatological ideas are briefly discussed; the relation between Zoroastrian millennialism and soteriology is evaluated, and finally some traces of the lasting western heritage of Zoroastrian apocalypticism are pointed out.
