Article (Mirabilia Ars)
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The sacred and the profane in the Three Wise Kings. From the Middle Ages to their origins
Irene ROMO PODERÓS
Original title: Lo sagrado y lo profano en los Reyes Magos. De la Edad Media a los orígenes
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Keywords: Magi, Middle Ages, Representation, Symbolism.
In the countries of Christian tradition as well as in many others to different degrees the story of the “Three Wise Men” of the East is known who, according to the Christian version, gave their offerings to the “King of Kings” on his birth. However, beyond the myth, who were the so called Magi who according to one legend left behind trails of aromatic herbs in their wake? Are they based on real figures? Is their symbolic origin to be found in the sacred or in the profane? The purpose of this article is to explore the idea of the Three Magician of the East and to try to clarify its historical, legendary, secular and religious aspects. It will also try to show its role as a religious tool used to condition secular thought in medieval Europe. In this way, it will try to analyze how the figure of the Magi constitutes an artistic and literary symbol used for the propagation of Christianity in Medieval Europe, an example of the sacred versus secular dichotomy so characteristic of that continent. To do this, it will explore a variety of different aspects of the culture in the medieval period, as it is in this moment that the representation of the Magi as they are known today is definitively fixed in human memory.
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Fashion in M.S.A. 1 of the General Chronicle of Spain of 1344. Contribution to the dating of the illuminura
Catarina Martins TIBÚRCIO
Original title: A moda no M.S.A. 1 da Crónica Geral de Espanha de 1344. Contributo para a datação da iluminura
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Keywords: 15th Century, Chronic, Fashion, Illumination.
This article starts from a study about the fashion we could observe in the illumination of the manuscript of the Science Academy of Lisbon, known as M.S.A. 1 of the Crónica Geral de Espanha de 1344. We believe that this kind of reproduction reveals us the daily habits of kings, noble men and people, in what concern the dress fashion of a precise time of Portugal’s history, in this particular case, the fashion habits from the period this manuscript was made. We will use that information to contribute to a more accurate date for the illumination of this manuscript, which is now a controversial question. To give to our conclusions a bigger consistency, we will do a comparison between the fashion in the illumination of M.S.A. 1 and the fashion in the illumination of other international contemporary illuminated manuscripts.
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Loyset Liédet (1420-1479): le duché de Bourgogne et des enluminures flamandes
Vinícius Saebel LEMOS
Original title: Loyset Liédet (1420-1479): o ducado borgonhês e as iluminuras flamengas
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Keywords: Duché de Bourgogne, Enluminures, Loyset Liédet, Moyen Âge.
Cet article vise à présenter l’importance du Duché de Bourgogne sous la gouvernance de la Maison Valois (1365-1477) dans la production historique et artistique sur le seuil entre le Moyen Âge et la Modernité. Sa position et sa géographie a facilité le passage des personnes, des idées et des biens de divers types ont fait la région une des plus riches du XVe siècle. Son lien dynastique avec la couronne française et de ses limites en contact permanent avec le royaume français et le Saint-Empire Romain Germanique ne duché sensible à la recherche de maintenir leur existence. La vie des ducs attestent cette quête, en encourageant la production artistique et étaient la source narrative de chroniques témoignent cette demande pour la gloire et la splendeur bourguignonne. Les écrivains et enlumineurs ont été largement employés dans la cour des ducs, leurs guildes ont une action vigoureuse dans la production d’objets d’art, y compris des manuscrits enluminés. Il est de cette association entre l'art et l'histoire en Bourgogne que nous avons sélectionné un de ces maîtres, Loyset Liédet (1420-1479), son histoire et sa production artistique ont été répertoriés et quelques images analysées dans ce travail selon les niveaux de compréhension de Erwin Panofsky (1892-1968).
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In the paths of an eternal dichotomy
José María SALVADOR GONZÁLEZ, Matheus Corassa da SILVA
Original title: Nas trilhas de uma eterna dicotomia
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Between the sacred and the profane: the case of the Portrait of Dame as Saint Cecilia (c. 1720) and its sacred-profane relations at Ema Gordon Klabin’s collection
Karin PHILIPPOV
Original title: Entre o sacro e o profano: o caso do Retrato de Dama como Santa Cecília (c. 1720) e suas relações sacro-profanas na Coleção Ema Gordon Klabin
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Keywords: Ema Gordon Klabin, Private collecting, Profane, Sacredness, Saint Cecilia.
From the Portrait of Dame as Saint Cecilia (c. 1720), attributed to Pierre Gobert’s circle (1662-1744), this article aims at problematizing its relations between sacred and profane which occurs both inside the picture, and regarding its collector, Ema Gordon Klabin (1907-1994), who acquires it in the 1950 decade and hangs it over her bed.
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Bodies, clothing and social structure: the Germanic art of miniature illustrations in the Codex Manesse (13th century)
Beatriz Passamai PEREIRA
Original title: Corpos, vestuário e estrutura social: a arte germânica da iluminura no Codex Manesse (século XIII)
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Keywords: Body, Clothing, Codex Manesse, Medieval Art, Miniature Illustrations.
This research investigated the clothing of the ministerial knights in the Große Heidelberger Liederhandschrift with the aim of capturing the reflections of the medieval social order of the thirteenth century based on the miniature ilustrai-ons present in this manuscript. The miniatures of the Manessische Handschrift are an excellent reference to the idea we have of life and the world in the Middle Ages. They depict the panorama of medieval clothing very well. For this reason the present investigation analyzed the dress of the troubadours. Clothes are an extension of the body, such an important element for the Christian medieval conception. The study sought to inventory the pieces of garment that compose the vestments of the ministerial knights; we categorized such pieces based on the medieval social hierarchy and related characteristics such as colors and cuts to the medieval social orders. As a theoretical research, primary and secondary sources were used, such as: Codex Manesse: Die Miniaturen der Großen Heidelberger Liederhandschrift (Ingo Walther and Gisela Siebert), De Amore (Andreas Capellanus), Ars Amatoria (Ovid) and The Lais of Marie de France. The analysis finds its basis in the method proposed by Erwin Panofsky (1892-1968) in the work Meaning in the Visual Arts. This study also uses the notion of image suggested by Jean-Claude Schmitt (1946-) in two works: The Body of Images and The Thematic Dictionary of the Medieval Occident. From the universe of 137 miniature ilustrations, six were selected based on the fol-lowing criteria: 1) the vestments of ministerial knights; 2) images containing a male and a female figure. Based on the analysis, we were able to catch the re-flexes of the medieval social order of the thirteenth century, as we observed the dress of the troubadours represented in Codex Manesse. The civilian dress prevailed: it was mainly used by the nobility and, therefore, by the ministeriales.
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Image and clothing: body places
Matheus Corassa da SILVA
Original title: Imagem e vestuário: lugares do corpo
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The funeral banquet: iconographic analysis
Irene BENITO GONZÁLEZ
Original title: El banquete funerario: análisis iconográfico
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Keywords: Ancient Egypt, Funeral banquet, Tomb.
The present article proposes an iconographic analysis through a series of images around the motive of the funeral banquet. This scene is enormously recurrent in the burials of Ancient Egypt, being one of the most important. The identification of this scene is given thanks to three key representations: the food, the dance along with the musical accompaniment, and the smell. In short, the scene of the funeral banquet is inevitably related to the idea of reaching a prosperous life after death.
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The monastery and the social function of religious architecture: the Cantiga 45 of the Cantigas de Santa Maria by king Alfonso X (13th century)
Bárbara DANTAS
Original title: O mosteiro e a função social da arquitetura religiosa: a Cantiga 45 das Cantigas de Santa Maria do rei Afonso X (século XIII)
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Keywords: Cantigas de Santa Maria, Medieval architecture, Middle Ages, Monastery.
D. Afonso wanted his obra maestra, the Cantigas de Santa Maria, to encompass everything that man sees and feels. And there is nothing more seen and felt than Architecture. Especially for us Religious Architecture. In Cantiga 45, the wise king presents us with a miracle report in which a knight, very affectionate to bad attitudes, wished to repair his errors and build a monastery dedicated to the Virgin Mary. His monastery would have all the rooms and spaces necessary for the monastic life.
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The art as a temporal landmark in the Cathedral of Barcelona: tradition and innovation
Lorena da Silva VARGAS
Original title: A arte como marco temporal na Catedral de Barcelona: tradição e inovação
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Keywords: Art, Cathedral of Barcelona, Memory.
Among the corners of the gothic Cathedral (1298-1448) that prevails in the current landscape of Barcelona, there are artistic elements left by the time from the primitive paleochristian basilica, built in the 4th century A. D., passing through the visigoth church, by the romanesque and gothic cathedrals and entering the modernity until the recent history of the Cathedral of Barcelona. Here, we will seek to lift some of these temporal landmarks given by art over the centuries and which, preserved in the temple, tell the life of the Cathedral.
