Article (Mirabilia Ars)
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Sculpture in lower Andalusia during the eighteenth century: Interpretative summary and recent historiography
José RODA PEÑA
Original title: Escultura en la baja andalucía durante el siglo XVIII: síntesis interpretativa e historiografía reciente
Published in
Keywords: 18th Century, Baroque Sculpture, Italian import, Western Andalusia.
We approach a synthetic study of the sculpture that took place during the 18th century in Lower Andalusia, offering a series of interpretative keys, to historical, aesthetic, stylistic and iconographic level, for its better comprehension. The prolongation of the baroque forms, the introduction of the Rococo current and the transit to the tempered plastic creations of the illustrated academicism, mark the sculptural production of local and foreign artists who worked at Western Andalusia (Seville, Cadiz, Huelva and Cordova), without forgetting the import of italian works, so much relevant in Cadiz area.
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Carpenters and cabinetmakers of the Monastery of San Lorenzo El Real in El Escorial
Manuel José GARCÍA SANGUINO
Original title: Los carpinteros y ebanistas del Monasterio de San Lorenzo El Real de El Escorial
Published in
Keywords: Cabinetmakers, Carpenters, El Escorial, Manierism, Philip II, Royal Monastery.
The iconic work of Philip II (Valladolid, May 21, 1527-San Lorenzo de El Escorial, September 13, 1598) was the Royal Monastery of St. Lawrence de El Escorial (1563-1584). Such a featured work was built in collaboration with various skilled journeymen: stonecutters, masons, slatecutters and, of course, carpenters and cabinetmakers. Many were those who got their hands on such a great artwork. The carpenters were devoted to the development of doors, windows, painting doors and windows, roof trusses and spiers and construction of cranes and scaffolding, using current timber. Cabinetmakers, meanwhile, left their mark on the making of furniture comprising the main rooms of the monastery and marquetry doors, using for making them the so called fine woods, harder, more consistent and of great aesthetic beauty. Carpenters and cabinetmakers worked under the orders of Father Villacastín, the greater worker of the Monastery, a person aware of the progress of the working process, dealing with the construction of the building, work schedules, supplying materials and all administrative task, ie, the foreman. They worked also under the orders of architect Juan de Herrera and carpentry foreman García de Quesada. In addition, we must take into account the figures of García de Brizuela, an accountant and supervisor in the first phase, and Gonzalo Ramirez in the second one, with whom works contracts were signed and companies were formed.
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The figure of St. Joseph in Art
Jesús CANTERA MONTENEGRO
Original title: La figura de San José en el Arte
Published in
Keywords: Art, Devotion, Iconography, St. Joseph.
The figure of St. Joseph has always been a great importance among the Christian believers. However, works of art did not always express, it and during the medieval times it almost seemed to be despised. Everything changed from the sixteenth century, where the figure started to be appreciated, enriching their iconography to show it as a prototype to be imitated by Christians.
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In the paths of an eternal dichotomy
José María SALVADOR GONZÁLEZ, Matheus Corassa da SILVA
Original title: Nas trilhas de uma eterna dicotomia
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Medieval art, the longing for beauty and the fourth way of St. Thomas Aquinas
Armando Alexandres dos SANTOS
Original title: A arte medieval, o anseio pela beleza e a quarta via de São Tomás de Aquino
Published in
Keywords: Evidences of the existence of God, Longing for beauty, Medieval Art, Pulchritudinis via, St. Thomas Aquinas.
This article focuses on the fourth way of St. Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274) for the rational demonstration of the existence of God (the way of degrees of perfection) from the specific point of view of the continuous search, in everything, of beauty as an ideal of religious inspiration, in the art and life of the medieval people.
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The figure of the child in genre scenes according to Murillo (1617-1682)
Luna DUEÑAS ARROYO
Original title: La figura del niño en escenas de género según Murillo (1617-1682)
Published in
Keywords: Baroque, Children, Genre scenes, Murillo., Sevilla.
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The serpent, the real sinner?
Sheila ADÁN LLEDÍN
Original title: La serpiente, ¿la verdadera pecadora?
Published in
Keywords: Evil, Iconography, Image, Middle Ages, Original Sin, Serpent, Woman.
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The childhood in the painting of Bartolomé Esteban Murillo
Laura PASCUAL PACHECO
Original title: La niñez en la pintura de Bartolomé Esteban Murillo
Published in
Keywords: Angels, Children, Murillo, Poverty.
Murillo’s figure is one of the most important figures in the Spanish art scene of our time. He created themes using the image of children as indisputable protagonists of their canvases. These themes ranged from the best known biblical episodes, the angels, and as novelty, the poor children as protagonists and witnesses through the art of that social situation that was lived in this century. The cultural and social context of the artist influenced his creative activity and also the art representations of these themes in previous centuries. So through Murillo’s work we can see the painter’s interpretation of these themes and the artistic differentiation of these 17th century children in painting.
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The enemy and the foreigner in Egyptian art: an iconographic study
Ana DIEZ FLÓREZ
Original title: El enemigo y el extranjero en el arte egipcio: un estudio iconográfico
Published in
Keywords: Ancient Age, Defeat, Egypt, Enemy, Foreigner.
In the following paper an aproximation to the concept of enemy in the Ancient Egypt is done: how and when it appeared, how it is identified and how it is representated in egytian art. Regarding the artistic representations, there are many in which egytian and foreigner enemies are shown being controlled and beaten by the pharaoh in various ways or defeated in battle. The foreigner, besides appearing deafeted shows an atitude of redemption and submision.
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Bodies, clothing and social structure: the Germanic art of miniature illustrations in the Codex Manesse (13th century)
Beatriz Passamai PEREIRA
Original title: Corpos, vestuário e estrutura social: a arte germânica da iluminura no Codex Manesse (século XIII)
Published in
Keywords: Body, Clothing, Codex Manesse, Medieval Art, Miniature Illustrations.
This research investigated the clothing of the ministerial knights in the Große Heidelberger Liederhandschrift with the aim of capturing the reflections of the medieval social order of the thirteenth century based on the miniature ilustrai-ons present in this manuscript. The miniatures of the Manessische Handschrift are an excellent reference to the idea we have of life and the world in the Middle Ages. They depict the panorama of medieval clothing very well. For this reason the present investigation analyzed the dress of the troubadours. Clothes are an extension of the body, such an important element for the Christian medieval conception. The study sought to inventory the pieces of garment that compose the vestments of the ministerial knights; we categorized such pieces based on the medieval social hierarchy and related characteristics such as colors and cuts to the medieval social orders. As a theoretical research, primary and secondary sources were used, such as: Codex Manesse: Die Miniaturen der Großen Heidelberger Liederhandschrift (Ingo Walther and Gisela Siebert), De Amore (Andreas Capellanus), Ars Amatoria (Ovid) and The Lais of Marie de France. The analysis finds its basis in the method proposed by Erwin Panofsky (1892-1968) in the work Meaning in the Visual Arts. This study also uses the notion of image suggested by Jean-Claude Schmitt (1946-) in two works: The Body of Images and The Thematic Dictionary of the Medieval Occident. From the universe of 137 miniature ilustrations, six were selected based on the fol-lowing criteria: 1) the vestments of ministerial knights; 2) images containing a male and a female figure. Based on the analysis, we were able to catch the re-flexes of the medieval social order of the thirteenth century, as we observed the dress of the troubadours represented in Codex Manesse. The civilian dress prevailed: it was mainly used by the nobility and, therefore, by the ministeriales.
