Article
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Deadly passions in the life of Christians: A comparative study according to Isidore of Pelusium (c. 360-450) and Theodore Stoudites (759-826)
Eirini ARTEMI
Published in The World of Tradition
Keywords: Diseases, Isidore of Pelusium, Passions, Reconciliation, Salvation, Theodore Stoudite.
Adam and Eve served their passion of gastrimargy and their ambition to become gods without the grace of God. The result was their exile from Paradise and death. The incarnation of Logos, His crucifixion, His death on the cross and His resurrection gave a second chance of man’s salvation. Unfortunately, people do not put into practice this gift of their reconciliation to God. In this paper, we will compare the opinion of two important Church Fathers, Isidore of Pelusium and Theodore Stoudite. It is important to underline for what kind of passions these Church Fathers speak. Do they relate the passions only with monks or general with Christians? How can we get rid of a passion? Can their teaching be put into practice in nowadays? Which is the worst passion according to them? Are diseases and pandemic a punishment of God for our sins? Of course, we should explain that the passions in the life of a Christian can be proved deadly, but they have no connection with the view that diseases are punishments from God for our passions.
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Commercial networks between the Byzantine Empire and Europe, including the British Isles
Elena Ene DRAGHICI-VASILESCU
Published in The World of Tradition
Keywords: Byzantine Empire, Commercial networks.
In the literature concerning Byzantium usually the historical phenomena are analysed as they took place along the Eastern-Western axis of its territory. What my paper proposes is an alternative to this approach. Because of the need to circulate goods between the Mediterranean and the North Sea, roads were constructed to connect the two, and along these both merchandises (textiles, metal objects, etc.) and cultural items as manuscripts, ivory for book covers, pigments for painting, etc. were transported. The same thoroughfares and points of connection within a large network were used for religious purposes and by the military. I adduce testimonies to make a strong argument that the division ‘North-South’ within the Empire was as important as that ‘East-West’.
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Dominus dat sapientiam. Erasmism and wisdom as backbone elements of the action and the image of Charles V
Carlos Jesús SOSA RUBIO
Original title: Dominus dat sapientiam. Erasmismo y sabiduría como elementos vertebradores de la acción y de la imagen de Carlos V
Published in Mirabilia Journal 34
Keywords: Erasmus of Rotterdam, King David, King Solomon, Philip II, Strength, Wisdom.
Wisdom acted as a backbone in the image of Charles V, especially during his first years of government, and in this matter Erasmus of Rotterdam had a relevant role. Starting from this premise, it is convenient to analyze the origin of that decision and, above all, the consequences it had for the shaping of his effigy, whose unquestionable evolution in the 30s and 40s of the century did not necessarily mean a total break with the ideological substratum of that previous period. This paper analyzes Charles V’s wisdom sources, with Erasmus as the main point of reference, as well as its effects and manifestations, to subsequently study the relationship that through this “gift from heaven”, and the other great biblical virtue, which is strength, Charles V and Philip II establish with David and with Solomon. Legitimacy, Davidic Covenant and messianism are other issues addressed that are closely related to the propagandistic use of these two great figures of the House of Judah.
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Gauberte Fabricio de Vagad (author of the first Crónica del reino de Aragón) and his poetic work in the repertoires and songbooks of his time
Jesús Fernando CÁSEDA TERESA
Original title: auberte Fabricio de Vagad (autor de la primera Crónica del reino de Aragón) y su obra poética en los repertorios y cancioneros de su tiempo
Published in Mirabilia Journal 34
Keywords: Chronicle of Aragon, Dolce stil nuovo, Gauberte, XVth century.
This study links the creator of the first Chronicle of Aragon with the one who appears with his name in the songbooks of his time, establishing the common identity of both. It traces his biography –family origins, his birth in Zaragoza between 1415 and 1420, his military and clerical life and his relationship with the printer Pablo Hurus–. It fixes his poetic corpus and analyzes his compositions, especially those collected in the Cancionero de Vindel. Among the themes he deals with, his attacks on stilnovism, his defence of the feminine condition and some forms of literary and poetic divertimento stand out.
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The missio ad intra and la missio ad extra in the thought of Ramon Llull
Manuel ORTUÑO ARREGUI
Original title: La missio ad intra y la missio ad extra en el pensamiento de Ramon Llull
Published in Mirabilia Journal 34
Keywords: Missio, Missionary, Ramon Llull, Thought.
In this article we present the thought of Ramon Llull in his literary production about the missio ad intra and missio ad extra, which admits a double meaning to the meaning of mission, and of course, integrates the sense of crusade. Mission and crusade are not two separate realities, but fully integrated. His work must be studied from an overall perspective, because it synthesizes missionary action through a missio ad intra and a missio ad extra that seeks to encompass the entire Mediterranean and European context of his time. This action cannot be traced only in doctrinal works, treatises or proposals to the monarchs or the pontificate, but also in works of a non-Crusader character. In conclusion, Llull’s various works illuminate his idea of mission, which has already been present since his conversion in 1263, and this means that the concept of missio can be integrated into a single sense as missio ad gentes.
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The divine ordering of Will and Power in the Book of Contemplation in God by Ramon Llull (1232-1316)
Gabriel Tebaldi MEIRA; Ricardo da COSTA
Original title: O ordenamento divino da Vontade e do Poder no Livro da Contemplação em Deus de Ramon Llull (1232-1316)
Published in Mirabilia Journal 34
Keywords: Book of Contemplation on God, Divine Ordering, Medieval Philosophy, Power, Ramon Llull, Will.
The objective of the work is to analyse the concepts of Will and Power according to Ramon Llull (1232-1316) in the Book of Contemplation in God, Chapter 47, in its XI Distinction, as well as to understand the author’s proposal for practical application of such principles in the Christian life.
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Dreamscape in La leyenda del caballero del Cisne: the creation of a lineage and the promotion of chivalrous values in oneiric episodes
Natacha CROCOLL
Original title: El espacio de los sueños en La leyenda del caballero del Cisne: la creación de un linaje y la promoción de los valores caballerescos en los episodios oníricos
Published in Mirabilia Journal 34
Keywords: Chivalrous values, Dreams, La leyenda del caballero del Cisne, Lineage.
In La leyenda del caballero del Cisne, the account of the eponymous hero’s exploits and those of his grandson, Godofredo de Bouillon, is often interrumpted by oneiric and wonderful episodes of different kinds (prophetic dreams, angelic appearances, etc.). Such episodes play a crucial role in the text’s structure, for they announce future scenes and take part in the characters’ portrayal. In this essay, we aim to study this variety of functions through textual analysis; we will focus on the dreams and visions that accompany the story and contribute to the literary creation of a lineage predestined to wear Jerusalem’s crown and participate in the characterization of a new chivalrous figure promoted by the Castilian kings in the 13th and 14th centuries
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Iconographic Analysis of the Façade of the Temple of San Miguel Arcángel, in Ixmiquilpan, Hidalgo
Carmen Fabiola MORENO VIDAL
Original title: Análisis Iconográfico de la Portada del Templo de San Miguel Arcángel, en Ixmiquilpan, Hidalgo
Published in Music in Antiquity, Middle Ages & Renaissance
Keywords: 2 acatl, Augustinians, Façade, Ixmiquilpan, Nahui-Ōlin, Shield, Winged hippocampus.
The Plateresque façade of the temple of San Miguel Arcángel, has a harmonious and elegant composition, with a rich decoration based on grotesques, presenting a clear moralizing and reflective message for the Christian observer of the time; for the indigenous observer, the grotesques could contain the main symbols of their worldview by presenting familiar and mimetic forms, such as the four-petalled flowers representing the Nahui-Ōlin, the flamer cauldron shaped like the sign 2 Acatl, the shields of San Nicolás Tolentino with Atl tlachinolli, the tops of the columns as a representation of the Tlachieloni and the undulating forms like Xonecuilli. This cover also presents the unification of European elements with the local ones, such as the coats of arms that contain the local flora and fauna, as well as the representation of a territorial partiality in the pre-Hispanic way, through the Altepetl.
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The Woman and the Androgyne in Leonardo da Vinci’s (1452-1519) pictorical work
María del Carmen BREA REINA
Original title: La Mujer y lo andrógino en la obra pictórica de Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)
Published in Music in Antiquity, Middle Ages & Renaissance
Keywords: Androgyne, Cinquecento, Leonardo da Vinci, Madonna, Quattrocento, Renaissance, Virgin.
Leonardo da Vinci is one of the main exponents of Italian Renaissance painting. In his work the female characters or Madonnas stand out, in many cases with a leading role of great symbolism. Leonardo makes this concept evolve into the figure of the androgynous person, mixing feminine and masculine features to bring a new perspective to his production.
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Alienora Dei gratia regina Anglie. The potestas of the English queen Eleanor of Castile (1241-1290): status quaestionis
Andrea BERGAZ ÁLVAREZ
Original title: Alienora Dei gratia regina Anglie. La potestas de la reina Leonor de Castilla (1241-1290): status quaestionis
Published in Music in Antiquity, Middle Ages & Renaissance
Keywords: Eleanor of Castile, England, Historiography, Potestas, Queenship.
The aim of this article is to analyse from a historiographic point of view the potestas of Eleanor of Castile (1241-1290), Queen of England. It studies her activity before she became queen and the extent to which it influenced her subsequent exercise of power. This power is analysed by evaluating the different mechanisms that were used by the queen: mediation and intercession, marriage policy, her influence in the court, her cultural activity, her intervention in the internal and international policy… The political biography of this consort still shows many gaps and questions, something that opens a wide range of possibilities that we believe should be highlighted.
