Article
-
Some Appointments about the Germans in Didatic Books of History
Andréia Cristina Lopes Frazão da Silva
Original title: Alguns Apontamentos Acerca dos Germanos nos Livros Didáticos de História no Brasil
Published in Mirabilia 4
Keywords: Didactic book, Germans, Teaching of History.
Starting from the analysis of content of six didactic books of history, used in the fundamental and medium teaching in Brazil, we looked for to verify and to analyze as such works characterize the germans.
-
If it's not true, what it is? Saint Augustine against the Lie
Gabriele Greggersen
Original title: Se não é Verdade, é o que? Agostinho contra a Mentira
Published in Mirabilia 4
Keywords: Lie, heresy, intencionality, truth.
If there are lies, which is their limit in relation to truth? Out of real problems that he was facing at the time, related the religious heresies and conflicts, Saint Augustine supplies insights on the subject in two texts “On Lie” (De Mendacium) and “Against Lie” (Contra Mendacium). There are good reasons to believe that his concern with the subject was recurrent, since the two texts are practically identical. Without pretensions to define what truth is, the bishop of Hippona applies his negative method to create a tipology of existing kinds of lies. Thus, he evidences a almost completely forgotten fact nowadays: beyond the diversity of species of lie, if something is not true, it only can be false.
-
Mecia, Matilde and Beatriz: Feminine Images Reflected in Portuguese Queens from the 13 th century
Adriana Zierer
Original title: Mécia, Matilde e Beatriz: Imagens Femininas Refletidas nas Rainhas de Portugal do Século XIII
Published in Mirabilia 3 (2003)
Keywords: image, medieval woman, queens.
Presentation of the importance of medieval woman by the study of portuguese cronicles from the 14th to 16th centuries about three queens: Mecia Lopes of Haro, Matilde of Bologne and Beatriz. These cronicles had been written to explain the governation of the ladies’ husbands, respectively Sancho II, king deposed of Portugal in 1245 and his brother Afonso III, responsible for the deposition and king from 1248 until 1279, year of his death. It is possible to see a little of these women in the interlineation of the texts. While Matilde and Beatriz represent the woman-merchandize, as elements of the nobility to garantee to men properties and titles – reason by which Afonso III has got married for the second time when he was already married – Mécia represents the role of the devil-woman, the Eve-sinner, who thanks to her "whitchcrafts" and "bad advises" has taken his husband to be deposed from the power.
-
Severan Emperors and the Approximation with Antoninans’ Image
Ana Teresa Marques Gonçalves
Original title: Os Imperadores Severos e a Aproximação com as Imagens dos Antonino
Published in Mirabilia 3 (2003)
Keywords: Emperor, Roma, Severan Age.
The objective of this article is to analyse the approximation of the Severan Emperors with the images utilized for the Antoninan rulers, using the informations of the Herodian, Cassius Dio, Sextus Aurelius Victor, Flavius Eutropius’ books, the Historia Augusta, Epitome de Caesaribus, inscriptions and coins.
-
Visio et amor Dei: Nicholas of Cusa (d. 1464) and John of the Cross (1542-1591)
Prof. Dr. Raúl Gutiérrez
Original title: Visio et Amor dei - Nicolás de Cusa y Juan de la Cruz
Published in Expressing the Divine: Language, Art and Mysticism
Keywords: John of the Cross, Knowledge of God, Modes of knowledge, Nicholas of Cusa, Self-Knowledge.
In the light of Nicholas of Cusa s idea that the diverse finite modes of understanding God are founded in the Absolute itself, and thus constitute modes by which the Absolute sees itself, the author interprets the distinction between the beginners , the advanced and the perfect as diverse modes of understanding oneself, God and the world, thus confirming that John of the Cross has a clear awareness of the mediating and constitutive function which the subject has with respect to reality.
-
The Mystical Transformation of Medieval Lyrical Topoi in Ramon Llull's (1232-1316) Llibre d'amic e Amat
Jordi Pardo Pastor
Original title: La transformació mística dels tòpics lírics medievals dins del Llibre d’amic e Amat de Ramon Llull
Published in Expressing the Divine: Language, Art and Mysticism
-
A Polemical Iconography: the Magi from Orient
Patricia Grau-Dieckmann
Original title: Una Iconografía polémica: los Magos de Oriente
Published in Expressing the Divine: Language, Art and Mysticism
Keywords: Art, Epiphany, Iconography, Magic, Three Wise Men, Worship.
"… there came wise men from the east to Jerusalem" briefly informs Mathews Gospel about these illustrious visitors that - following a star - arrive from the east to worship Baby Jesus. He further tells that they fell on their knees and "presented him with gifts - gold, incense and myrrh". Later apocryphal tales and popular narratives beautify and adorn the legends about these mysterious characters. Very early does art reflect the iconography of the worship of the magi, known as "Epiphany". This scene will mutate through time and will develop into the sumptuous representation of the royal characters that became the Three Wise Men. Early Christian art may offer a key to the understanding of whom they were, what were they looking for and what were the reasons that justify the importance of the scene of the Epiphany within the frame of this new religion - Christianism - that tried to expand among the gentiles.
-
Hildegard of Bingen (1098-1179): the Exceptional Way of a Medieval Visionary Woman
Carmen Lícia Palazzo
Original title: Hildegard de Bingen: o excepcional percurso de uma visionária medieval
Published in Expressing the Divine: Language, Art and Mysticism
Keywords: Church, Hildegard of Bingen, Middle Ages, visionary woman.
The goal of this article is to present a few aspects of the extensive body of work by the visionary nun Hildegard of Bingen, relating her acceptance with the 12th century context and suggesting certain research possibilities. The debate among monks of Cister and Cluny and the severe criticism to Abelard’s teachings by Bernard of Clairvaux constitute, in my opinion, an essential elements to be considered in order to explain the direct support by the Church to Hildegard’s texts and Hildegard as a person. However, it was certainly the quality of her work and her prodigious intelligence that consolidated her achievements not only as a visionary but also as composer, counsellor and therapist.
-
The lexical-figurative textualism on "Los Beatus"
Nora Marcela Gómez
Original title: La Textualidad Léxico-Figurativa en los Beatos
Published in Mirabilia 1
Keywords: Blessed Spanishes, Doom, iconographic autonomy, iconographic independency., simultaneously and dissimilar texts, written and iconographical text.
The Art history of the Middle Age has been commonly based on the statement that the pictorial-sculptural iconography due its representation exclusively to sacred books. This approach reduce the artistic image to just a visual variant of the text, a mere translocation of the printed word to its formal and material representation with divulgation aims for the unlettered, converting this iconography in a dogmatic one. So, the rich and deep value of the images and their omnifunctionality in medieval society has been misjudged. The text Commentarius in Apocalypsin from Beato had huge publicity in the Hispanic world; with further and multiples copies and illustrations over the next centuries. The thirty-two codices from centuries IX to XIII are enough evidence of the great success of the text. This paper will focus on the relation between text and image to check correlations, dissimilarities, autonomous presentiveness, and plastic innovations that defied the logical system of the time. The illuminators of “Los Beatos”, yet still depending on the canonical versicles and on the commiter demands, produced an iconographical-apocalyptic corpus that testimony a creative freedom, an artistic quality, and a masterfulness on the plasticchromatic ways, that enact those codices as an absolutely exceptional and one-of-a-kind iconographic monument from the Art of the Middle Age.
-
Erotics and Kwowledge related to a short-story in The Thousand and One Nights
Rafael Ramón Guerrero
Original title: Erótica y Saber a propósito de un cuento de Las Mil y Una Noches
Published in Mirabilia 1
Keywords: Arabic Philosophy., Erotic, Greek Philosophy, wisdom.
The Thousand and One Nights is a collection of tales; many of which exposed a wisdom elaborated along the history by various peoples. A tale collects the conception that Greek philosophy, since Plato, set up and developed about love as a trend toward wisdom. In this article, I recall shortly this process through Greek philosophy, Christian world and medieval Islam, and I finally sketch the tale of the Thousand and One Nights.
