Article
-
The Unicorns – Virtue and Treason – An enigmatic iconographic proposal by Salvador Dalí (1904-1989)
Patricia GRAU-DIECKMANN
Original title: Los Unicornios – Virtud y Traición – enigmática propuesta iconográfica de Salvador Dalí (1904-1989)
Published in Medieval and Early Modern Iberian Peninsula Cultural History
“Whether or not a real unicorn existed, it may not itself be as exciting or as important as the things that men dreamed, thought and wrote about it” (Shepard). Of all the stories woven around the mythical figure of the unicorn, one that is repeated over and over again is that only a true virgin can be used as a decoy. Her aroma leaves the unicorn defenseless in front of the hunter who would kill it for its valuable horn. An unexpected iconography is the one proposed by Salvador Dalí in his small statue of The Unicorn.
-
The Templars in France: Between History, Heritage, and Memory
Philippe JOSERAND
Published in Medieval and Early Modern Iberian Peninsula Cultural History
A comprehensive scholarly study of the Templars in France has not been published yet. Yet their order, from the outset, was closely linked to the French present space: most brethren were born there, and the langue d’oïl rapidly stood as the official tongue of the institution. For two centuries, the Templars used the Capetian kingdom as the main operations base to act in the Latin East and to sustain their singular vocation merging prayer and warfare into the same religious move. After the trial which opened in 1307 on King Philip the Fair’s initiative, the Templar order, although suppressed, did not entirely disappear from the French landscape: some buildings remained and, even more, a myth took shape, from which an historiography gradually emerged. This scientific movement strengthened from the end of the twentieth century and it now allows to shed new light on the French Templar presence, and to question the generally accepted ideas in order to better understand a medieval reality, which is still fascinating, but often strangely evoked.
-
Adoubement and Chivalry in the Feudal West: Gautier d’Arras’s Eracle (c. 1159-1184)
Guilherme Queiroz de SOUZA
Original title: Adoubement e Cavalaria no Ocidente feudal: o Eracle (c. 1159-1184) de Gautier d’Arras
Published in Medieval and Early Modern Iberian Peninsula Cultural History
The purpose of this article is to analyze the adoubement and the Chivalry in the Feudal West, through the emphasis on the romance Eracle, written by the French cleric Gautier d’Arras between 1159 and 1184. In this work, the protagonist hero is submitted to the adoubement (rite of passage) to join the Chivalry, category considered by some historians as the dominant institution during the Feudalism. We study the evolution and stages of the rite, as well as the main chivalric virtues (courage, loyalty and prudence), the concepts of largesse and prodomie and the art of war. For this, we utilize comparatively works of the 11-12th centuries.
-
Castrated children: the beginning of a vocal practice in Iberian Peninsula
Kristina AUGUSTIN
Original title: Niños caponados: o início de uma prática vocal de origem ibérica
Published in Medieval and Early Modern Iberian Peninsula Cultural History
This article is intended to address and clarify some issues about the castrati, the chronological question about the beginning of the practice of castration with musical objective in Europe as well as the existing migration particularly between Spain and Italy in the first half of the sixteenth Century.
-
Katechon and right of resistance: an approach from the Middle Ages
Cecilia DEVIA
Original title: Katechon y derecho de resistencia: una aproximación desde la Edad Media
Published in Medieval and Early Modern Iberian Peninsula Cultural History
The figure katechon is a complex and ambiguous character, based on a biblical quote taken from the Second Epistle of Paul to the Thessalonians. Expresses the power to “slow” or “holds” the coming of the Antichrist and therefore the confrontation between the forces of good and evil, which precedes the return of the Messiah and the end of the world. In this paper we build on the analysis undertaken on the concept by different contemporary thinkers. If the figure of katechon be applied in relation to the uprisings in medieval and early modern radical character as those inspired by millenarian movements, one could consider that the daily resistance of the dominated, mostly passive features, would act as a brake for the arrival of the end of the world, necessary for the advent of a new one.
-
Messiah seeds: routes of the Iberian royal messianism (XIV-XVI centuries)
Jacqueline HERMANN
Original title: Sementes do Messias: percursos do messianismo régio ibérico (sécs. XIV-XVI)
Published in Medieval and Early Modern Iberian Peninsula Cultural History
This paper discusses some of the possible routes of royal messianism in the Iberian world between the XIV and XVI Centuries. Through a vast songbook, poems and texts of various kinds it is possible to identify the roots of royal messianism as emerged in Iberia Peninsula in the Middle Ages, and its development in the Modern Period. The best example of royal messianic expectations, Portuguese Sebastianism, fed upon these sources amongst others, and found fertile ground in the dramatic political context which followed the defeat by the Moors in Alcácer Quibir.
-
Discursive-musical Polyphony in the Cantigas de Santa Maria by Alfonso X, el Sabio
Antonio Celso RIBEIRO
Original title: A Polifonia discursivo-musical nas Cantigas de Santa Maria de Alfonso X, o Sábio
Published in Medieval and Early Modern Iberian Peninsula Cultural History
The aim of the present work is to analyse the interrelationship between the text and the musical tessitura in one of the pieces from the Cantigas de Santa Maria, by Alfonso X, el Sabio (13th Cent.). The chosen work is extracted among those which deal with the presence of the Jewish people in a Christian realm, where I look for to recover in the melodies, marks that reinforce or denigrate their image, comparing them with Christian presence as well the Virgen Mary. Thus, I take in assumption that music is a language, and I will support the analysis in taking into account the concept of “discursive-musical polyphony” created by Lanna using the theoretical framework of the Russian philosopher Mikhail Bakhtin.
-
“Quel dan uenga sobre altre que sobre nos”: tolerance and pragmatism in the Llibre dels Feyts of James I of Aragon (1213-1276)
Aline Dias da SILVEIRA; Rodrigo Prates de ANDRADE
Original title: “Quel dan uenga sobre altre que sobre nos”: tolerância e pragmatismo no Llibre dels Feyts de Jaime I de Aragão (1213-1276)
Published in Medieval and Early Modern Iberian Peninsula Cultural History
The purpose of this article is to undestand the representations about the saracens in the autobiography of James I of Aragon (1208-1276) produced in the 1270 decade, the Llibre dels Feyts. Since the contemporary medieval studies interpret these representations from a preponderance of ethinic and religious aspects or a break caused by the first revolt of Valencia (1244), becomes necessary to analyze the relations between christians and muslims from a medieval concept of tolerance in order to encompass them in their historical complexity and increase the interpretations to the developed time by entering James I in the Iberian context of the XIII century. The analysis of the Llibre dels Feyts exposes the operationalization of a pragmatic policy toward the conquered Muslims populations, to tolerate those who recognize the authority and legitimacy of catalan-aragonese monarch. According to an organic and feudal perspective the saracens were incorporated into Catalan and Aragonese territories, without, however, enjoy a equal status.
-
TOLKIEN, J. R. R. Beowulf: A Translation and Commentary together with Sellic Spell. Londres: HarperCollins, 2014
Elton O. S. MEDEIROS
Original title: TOLKIEN, J. R. R. Beowulf: A Translation and Commentary together with Sellic Spell. Londres: HarperCollins, 2014
Published in Art, Criticism and Mysticism
-
Augustine and Wittgenstein on language: the meaning problem
Bento SILVA SANTOS, Filicio MULINARI
Original title: Agostinho e Wittgenstein em torno da linguagem: o problema da significação
Published in Art, Criticism and Mysticism
The influence of Saint Augustine (354-430) on the contemporary philosophy themes is in fact great. Inside these themes, one stands out in the contemporary philosophy: the theme of language. It is no accident that Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889-1951), one of the great philosophers of language of XX century, kept a swinging correlation with the Augustine theory. In this sense, with support in the Augustine’s works Confessiones and De magistro, and with support in the Wittgenstein’s Tractacus-Logico Philosophicus (1921) and Philosophical Investigations (1953), this article aims analyze the theoric connection between Augustine and Wittgenstein on the linguistics signals. With this connection, aims presents a scrutiny about the link between linguistic signals and referencials objects, with function of explore the discussion about the referencial words conteudistics topic, an important topic in the language’s metaphysics and for the philosophy of language.
